Risk Factors for Spread of Staphylococcus aureus in Prisons.

金黄色葡萄球菌在监狱中传播的危险因素。

• 批准号: 8510556
• 负责人: FRANKLIN D LOWY
• 金额: $ 61.54万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8510556
• 关键词: Address; Admission activity; Athletic; Attention; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Collaborations; Communities; Comorbidity; Coupled; Cross-Sectional Studies; Crowding; DNA Fingerprinting; Data; Databases; Development; Disease Outbreaks; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Geographic Locations; Goals; HIV Infections; Health; Healthcare; Hospitals; Human Resources; Imprisonment; Incidence; Infection; Intake; Intervention; Interview; Jail; Letters; Link; Measures; Medical; Military Personnel; Modality; Molecular; Movement; Native Americans; Nature; Nested Case-Control Study; New York; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Prisoner; Prisons; Public Health; Publications; Recording of previous events; Records; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Services; Site; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; base; community setting; high risk; injection drug use; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; population based; prevent; programs; therapy design; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The dramatic rise in community-based S. aureus infections, many due to methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), has become an important public health problem. This proposal will focus on prisoners, a high-risk group that has received limited attention. Prior studies have examined prison outbreaks without addressing several critical questions. These questions include the role of S. aureus colonization in the prison environment, how S. aureus is introduced into prisons and what the modalities of S. aureus persistence and transmission are in the nonepidemic prison setting. Our long term goal is to develop strategies that will prevent and control transmission of S. aureus within the prison system as well as in similar crowded environments. Our specific aims are the following. 1) We will identify patterns of S. aureus strain transmission within the prison. A cross-sectional analysis of prisoners will be performed to determine the prevalence of S. aureus colonization and/or infection. The role of assigned activities, environmental exposures, prisoner contacts and their spatial proximity in S. aureus transmission will be examined. Bacterial factors associated with the predominance of particular clones of S. aureus will be examined. 2) We will determine the factors associated with the development of clinical infections within the prison. A subset of inmates with culture proven S. aureus infections will be studied in a nested case-control study to determine factors contributing to symptomatic infection in the prison. 3) We will identify risk factors associated with colonization and/or infection with S. aureus at prisoner intake and at release. New prison inmates will be interviewed cultured and their prison/jail records reviewed. Risk factors predictive of S. aureus colonization/infection on arrival will be identified. Because >600,000 prisoners are released into the community each year, they can serve as an important reservoir for staphylococcal transmission. Therefore, S. aureus colonization at the time of release will also be assessed and factors contributing to colonization at release will be examined. This proposal provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine transmission of S. aureus (including MRSA) within the prison setting. The ongoing collaboration of prison personnel with the investigators is unique as is the integration of methodological approaches that will allow us to examine the roles of networks coupled with spatia characteristics in prisons. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This proposal will focus on prisoners, a group at particularly high risk for these infections. The study will investigate how S. aureus is transmitted in this population.

描述（由申请人提供）：社区金黄色葡萄球菌感染的急剧上升，许多是由于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），已经成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。该提案将重点关注囚犯，这是一个受到有限关注的高风险群体。先前的研究调查了监狱爆发，但没有解决几个关键问题。这些问题包括金黄色葡萄球菌在监狱环境中的定植作用，金黄色葡萄球菌是如何被引入监狱的，以及金黄色葡萄球菌在非流行病监狱环境中持续存在和传播的方式。我们的长期目标是制定战略，预防和控制金黄色葡萄球菌在监狱系统内以及类似的拥挤环境中的传播。我们的具体目标如下。1)我们将确定金黄色葡萄球菌菌株在监狱内的传播模式。将对囚犯进行横断面分析，以确定金黄色葡萄球菌定植和/或感染的流行程度。将审查指定活动、环境暴露、囚犯接触及其空间接近在金黄色葡萄球菌传播中的作用。与金黄色葡萄球菌的特定克隆优势相关的细菌因素将被检查。2)我们将确定与监狱内临床感染发展有关的因素。在一项巢式病例对照研究中，将对经培养证实感染金黄色葡萄球菌的一部分囚犯进行研究，以确定导致监狱症状性感染的因素。3)我们将在囚犯入狱和释放时确定与金黄色葡萄球菌定植和/或感染相关的风险因素。新的监狱囚犯将接受面谈和培训，并审查他们的监狱/监狱记录。预测到达时金黄色葡萄球菌定植/感染的危险因素将被确定。由于每年有60万名囚犯被释放到社区，他们可以成为葡萄球菌传播的重要储存库。因此，金黄色葡萄球菌在释放时的定殖也将被评估，并将检查导致释放时定殖的因素。这一提议提供了一个无与伦比的机会来检查金黄色葡萄球菌（包括MRSA）在监狱环境中的传播。监狱工作人员与调查人员正在进行的合作是独一无二的，方法方法的整合将使我们能够审查监狱中网络与空间特征相结合的作用。公共卫生相关性：这项建议将重点关注囚犯，这是一个感染这些疾病风险特别高的群体。这项研究将调查金黄色葡萄球菌是如何在这个人群中传播的。

项目成果

Predictors of Illicit Drug Use Among Prisoners.

• DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1082594
• 发表时间: 2016-01-28
• 期刊: Substance use & misuse
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Rowell-Cunsolo TL;Sampong SA;Befus M;Mukherjee DV;Larson EL
• 通讯作者: Larson EL

Concordance between medical records and interview data in correctional facilities.

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-14-50
• 发表时间: 2014-04-09
• 期刊: BMC medical research methodology
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Bai JR;Mukherjee DV;Befus M;Apa Z;Lowy FD;Larson EL
• 通讯作者: Larson EL

Predictors of sexual behaviour among men and women in New York City area prisons.

• DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2016.1188420
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: Culture, health & sexuality
• 作者: Rowell-Cunsolo TL;Szeto B;Sampong SA;Larson EL
• 通讯作者: Larson EL

Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates obtained from the Rikers Island Jail System from 2009 to 2013.

2009 年至 2013 年从 Rikers 岛监狱系统获得的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的分子特征。

• DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01129-14
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Journal of clinical microbiology
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Tanner,Joshua;Lin,Ying;Kornblum,John;Herzig,CarolynTA;Bystritsky,Rachel;Uhlemann,Anne-Catrin;Lowy,FranklinD
• 通讯作者: Lowy,FranklinD