Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) with Offenders

描述（由申请人提供）：筛查简短干预和转诊治疗 (SBIRT) 是一种基于证据的做法，已被发现可有效减少酒精和非法药物的使用，主要针对医疗中心、初级保健办公室、急诊室以及学院和大学招募的人员。但 SBIRT 有潜力适用于其他有药物使用问题或有药物使用问题风险的人群。特别是，犯罪者吸毒和酗酒的比例很高，严重程度各不相同，而且往往得不到充分的干预，原因要么是可用的方案有限，要么是动机低下，要么是缺乏对其吸毒后果的认识。 该研究旨在测试 SBIRT 干预对监狱囚犯的有效性，目的是改善公共安全和公共卫生。加州大学洛杉矶分校药物滥用综合项目 (ISAP) 建立在先前和当前药物滥用罪犯治疗研究以及由 SAMHSA 资助的针对洛杉矶监狱被拘留者的 SBIRT 研究建立的基础设施的基础上，提议开展一项为期四年的随机实地研究，以检验 SBIRT 对已定罪且即将出狱的罪犯的有效性。我们将在洛杉矶县的两个监狱设施中招募囚犯，一所为男性，一所为女性，并将他们随机分配到治疗 (SBIRT) 组 (N = 400) 或对照组（无干预）组 (N = 400)。 将收集基线人口统计数据。入学十二个月后，我们将联系所有研究参与者进行后续访谈。该实验研究将使用手动干预成分，将在社区环境（监狱和当地社区治疗系统）内实施，因此将尝试适当考虑内部和外部有效性问题。据我们所知，这将是首次对犯罪人群进行 S​​BIRT 严格测试。 该研究的科学目的是：(1) 评估 SBIRT 对监狱囚犯参与一系列渐进干预措施（短暂干预、短暂治疗和转介至长期治疗）的有效性。 治疗）取决于风险水平。 (2) 研究入院后 12 个月，确定 SBIRT 对监狱囚犯的公共卫生和公共安全结果（即吸毒、酗酒、犯罪活动、逮捕、再监禁、艾滋病毒危险行为和生活质量）的有效性。(3) 确定向监狱囚犯提供 SBIRT 干预的成本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Screening Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based practice that has been found to be effective in reducing alcohol and illicit drug use, mainly among persons recruited in medical centers, primary care offices, emergency rooms, and colleges and universities. But SBIRT has the potential to be applicable to other populations that have, or that are at risk for, substance use problems. In particular, offenders have high prevalence of drug and alcohol use at varying levels of severity and often do not receive adequate intervention, either because of limited availability of programs, low motivation, or lack of awareness of the consequences of their substance use. The study proposes to test the effectiveness of an SBIRT intervention with jail inmates, with the goal of improving public safety and public health. Building on previous and current research on treatment for substance-abusing offenders and on the infrastructure established by a SAMHSA-funded SBIRT study with jail detainees in Los Angeles, the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs (ISAP) is proposing a four-year randomized field study to examine the effectiveness of SBIRT with offenders who have been convicted and are about to be released from jail. We will recruit inmates at two jail facilities in Los Angeles County, one for men and one for women, and randomly assign them to the treatment (SBIRT) group (N= 400) or to the control (no intervention) group (N = 400). Baseline demographic data will be collected. Twelve months after study admission, all study participants will be contacted for a follow-up interview. The experimental study will use manualized intervention components, will be implemented within a community setting (jails and a local community treatment system), and will thus attempt to give due consideration to issues of both internal and external validity. To our knowledge, this would be the first rigorous test of SBIRT with an offender population. The scientific aims of the study are: (1) Assess the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates in terms of participation in a graduated series of interventions (brief intervention, brief treatment, and referral to longer-term treatment) depending on risk level. (2) At 12 months after study admission, determine the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates on public health and public safety outcomes, namely, drug use, alcohol use, criminal activity, arrest, reincarceration, HIV risk behaviors, and quality f life.(3) Determine the cost of providing an SBIRT intervention to jail inmates.