Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) with Offenders

描述(由申请人提供)：筛查、简短干预和转诊治疗(SBIRT)是一种循证做法，已被发现在减少酒精和非法药物使用方面有效，主要是在医疗中心、初级保健办公室、急诊室和学院和大学招募的人中。但SBIRT有可能适用于其他有药物使用问题或有药物使用风险的人群。特别是，犯罪者在不同严重程度上使用毒品和酒精的流行率很高，而且往往没有得到适当的干预，要么是因为方案有限，要么是因为动机不强，要么是因为缺乏对使用药物的后果的认识。这项研究建议对监狱囚犯进行SBIRT干预的有效性测试，目的是改善公共安全和公共健康。加州大学洛杉矶分校综合药物滥用项目(ISAP)在之前和目前关于药物滥用罪犯治疗的研究基础上，以及SAMHSA资助的针对洛杉矶监狱在押人员的SBIRT研究建立的基础设施上，提议进行一项为期四年的随机实地研究，以检验SBIRT对已被定罪和即将出狱的罪犯的有效性。我们将在洛杉矶县的两个监狱设施招募囚犯，一个为男性，一个为女性，并随机将他们分配到治疗(SBIRT)组(N=400)或对照组(N=400)。将收集基线人口数据。研究录取12个月后，所有研究参与者将被联系进行后续访谈。这项实验研究将使用人工干预部分，并将在社区环境中实施(监狱和当地社区治疗系统)，因此将努力适当考虑内部和外部有效性问题。据我们所知，这将是SBIRT在犯罪者群体中的第一次严格测试。这项研究的科学目的是：(1)通过参与一系列渐进的干预措施(短期干预、短期治疗和转介到长期干预)来评估SBIRT对监狱囚犯的有效性 治疗)取决于风险水平。(2)在研究录取后12个月，确定SBIRT对监狱服刑人员的公共健康和公共安全结果的有效性，即药物使用、酒精使用、犯罪活动、逮捕、再监禁、艾滋病毒危险行为和生活质量。(3)确定向监狱服刑人员提供SBIRT干预的成本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Screening Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based practice that has been found to be effective in reducing alcohol and illicit drug use, mainly among persons recruited in medical centers, primary care offices, emergency rooms, and colleges and universities. But SBIRT has the potential to be applicable to other populations that have, or that are at risk for, substance use problems. In particular, offenders have high prevalence of drug and alcohol use at varying levels of severity and often do not receive adequate intervention, either because of limited availability of programs, low motivation, or lack of awareness of the consequences of their substance use. The study proposes to test the effectiveness of an SBIRT intervention with jail inmates, with the goal of improving public safety and public health. Building on previous and current research on treatment for substance-abusing offenders and on the infrastructure established by a SAMHSA-funded SBIRT study with jail detainees in Los Angeles, the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs (ISAP) is proposing a four-year randomized field study to examine the effectiveness of SBIRT with offenders who have been convicted and are about to be released from jail. We will recruit inmates at two jail facilities in Los Angeles County, one for men and one for women, and randomly assign them to the treatment (SBIRT) group (N= 400) or to the control (no intervention) group (N = 400). Baseline demographic data will be collected. Twelve months after study admission, all study participants will be contacted for a follow-up interview. The experimental study will use manualized intervention components, will be implemented within a community setting (jails and a local community treatment system), and will thus attempt to give due consideration to issues of both internal and external validity. To our knowledge, this would be the first rigorous test of SBIRT with an offender population. The scientific aims of the study are: (1) Assess the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates in terms of participation in a graduated series of interventions (brief intervention, brief treatment, and referral to longer-term treatment) depending on risk level. (2) At 12 months after study admission, determine the effectiveness of SBIRT with jail inmates on public health and public safety outcomes, namely, drug use, alcohol use, criminal activity, arrest, reincarceration, HIV risk behaviors, and quality f life.(3) Determine the cost of providing an SBIRT intervention to jail inmates.