Children with autism spectrum disorders in developing countries

发展中国家患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童

• 批准号: 8648285
• 负责人: DIANE C CHUGANI
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2014-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8648285
• 关键词: Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavior Therapy; Caring; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Collaborations; Congresses; Country; Data; Detection; Developing Countries; Diagnosis; Drug Formulations; Educational Activities; Educational workshop; Epidemiology; Epilepsy; Expert Opinion; Fostering; Foundations; Funding; Goals; Guidelines; Institutes; International; Japanese Population; Knowledge; Literature; Location; Michigan; Mission; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Neurologist; Neurology; Parents; Pediatric Hospitals; Pediatric Neurology; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prevalence; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Records; Reporting; Research; Research Training; Resources; Schools; Series; Services; Societies; South Africa; Specialist; Stereotyped Behavior; Surveys; Time; Training; Training and Education; Uganda; United States National Institutes of Health; World Health Organization; autism spectrum disorder; base; meetings; pediatrician; population based; programs; public health relevance; response; social communication

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and presence of stereotyped behaviors. In a recent review of epidemiological surveys worldwide, the median of prevalence estimates for ASD was 62/10,000. In addition, there was evidence for increased prevalence estimates over time. However, this review could not identify any published data on population-based estimates of ASD from Africa. In an ASD detection program for 18- to 36-month old Zulu-speaking children in South Africa, ASD was found to be underdiagnosed and rarely reported in clinical or educational records. There is virtually no literature regarding the management of ASD in Africa. There is no information regarding treatment with medications. Access to behavioral intervention is available to a small number of children at private schools instituted by parents of children with ASD. In response to these inadequacies, the present proposal seeks funding to hold a 3-day research program on the clinical aspects of childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Africa in an effort to collect the necessary data aimed at determining how to elevate the standard of ASD diagnosis and treatment in sub-Saharan African countries. We will invite a colloquium of specialists from Africa and abroad to discuss optimal identification and treatment for children with ASD in sub-Saharan Africa. The research questions to be focused on will be: (i) what is the status quo of childhood ASD in sub-Saharan Africa based on expert opinion (the colloquium) and available publications? (ii) What guidelines exist for the optimal management of children with ASD through current practice parameters from organizations such as World Health Organization (WHO) and other autism groups? (iii) Are these guidelines viable to current service capacity in sub-Saharan Africa? (iv) What are the areas of knowledge gap in relation to children with ASD in sub-Saharan Africa? (v) What are the best strategies to reduce the treatment gap in children with ASD from sub-Saharan Africa? The research data collected from this workshop and subsequent implementation of changes will be presented in a series of publications.

描述(由申请者提供)：自闭症是一种神经发育障碍，特征是社交沟通障碍和存在刻板印象的行为。在最近对全球流行病学调查的回顾中，自闭症患病率估计的中位数为62/10,000。此外，有证据表明，随着时间的推移，患病率估计会增加。然而，这项审查没有发现任何关于非洲基于人口的自闭症估计的公开数据。在南非一项针对18至36个月大的祖鲁语儿童的ASD检测项目中，ASD被发现被低估，而且很少在临床或教育记录中报告。在非洲，几乎没有关于自闭症管理的文献。没有关于药物治疗的信息。在自闭症儿童的父母开办的私立学校，少数儿童可以获得行为干预。针对这些不足，本提案寻求资金，在非洲举办为期3天的关于儿童自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)临床方面的研究计划，以努力收集必要的数据，旨在确定如何提高撒哈拉以南非洲国家的自闭症诊断和治疗标准。我们将邀请来自非洲和国外的专家座谈会，讨论撒哈拉以南非洲自闭症儿童的最佳识别和治疗。需要重点研究的问题是：(I)根据专家意见(座谈会)和现有出版物，撒哈拉以南非洲儿童自闭症的现状如何？(2)根据世界卫生组织(卫生组织)等组织和其他自闭症团体提供的现行做法参数，有哪些准则可用于对自闭症儿童进行最佳管理？(3)这些指导方针对撒哈拉以南非洲现有的服务能力是否可行？(4)撒哈拉以南非洲与自闭症儿童有关的知识差距有哪些领域？(5)减少撒哈拉以南非洲自闭症儿童治疗差距的最佳战略是什么？将在一系列出版物中介绍从这次讲习班收集的研究数据以及随后的改革执行情况。