Individual Differences in Escalation of Tobacco Use: Impulsivity and Alcohol Use

烟草使用升级的个体差异：冲动和饮酒

• 批准号: 8630871
• 负责人: Dustin Clark Lee
• 金额: $ 2.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-22 至 2013-08-24
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8630871
• 关键词: Acute; Adolescent; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chronic; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Consumption; Cues; Data; Dependence; Development; Dimensions; Drug Addiction; Drug Exposure; Drug usage; Early Intervention; Goals; Impairment; Impulsivity; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Laboratories; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Monitor; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Personality; Placebos; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Self Administration; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; United States; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; base; behavior measurement; behavioral pharmacology; career; cigarette smoking; design; improved; non-smoker; non-smoking; public health research; screening; trait; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Like adolescents, young adults are at risk of initiating tobacco use and escalating to daily use and tobacco dependence. However, not every young adult who uses cigarettes intermittently becomes tobacco dependent, and the time-course of those who transition to daily use varies widely. Individual differences likely contribute to the variability observed in patterns of tobacco use. This project will use a multi-modal research approach to examine dimensions of impulsivity and characteristics of alcohol that are associated with vulnerability for escalation of cigarette smoking, and how alcohol interacts with behavioral inhibition to increase cigarette consumption. Furthermore, this project will support the applicant's career goal of becoming an independent investigator in the field of behavioral pharmacology capable of identifying and understanding risk factors associated with vulnerability to drug use and dependence. Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that can be assessed using trait measures and tasks of behavioral inhibition, and it is likely that these assessments inform drug use vulnerability. Dimensions of impulsivity are differentially associated with tobacco initiation, escalation, and dependence. Moreover, behavioral inhibition is altered as a consequence of acute and chronic drug exposure. Alcohol is also closely associated with vulnerability to escalating tobacco use, and acute alcohol exposure is associated with decrements in behavioral inhibition. Thus it is likely that impulsivity and alcohol use have separate and combined influences on vulnerability to tobacco use. The first study will utilize data from a longitudinal study to identify trajectories of tobacco use in young adults in order to determine 1) which dimensions of impulsivity and alcohol use inform vulnerability to escalating tobacco use, and 2) if measures of behavioral inhibition are altered as a consequence of escalating cigarette use. The second study will utilize a laboratory design to examine whether alcohol-induced impairments in behavioral inhibition mediate the relationship between acute alcohol administration and increases in ad-libitum cigarette consumption. Results from these studies will improve scientific knowledge by elucidating the relationship between individual differences in both impulsivity and characteristics of alcohol use and escalation of cigarette smoking and identifying the mechanism(s) responsible for alcohol-induced escalation of tobacco use. This knowledge will help inform screening and prevention efforts aimed at reducing the amount of young adults who escalate to daily smoking.

描述（由申请人提供）：像青少年一样，年轻人有诱发烟草使用并升级以日常使用和烟草依赖的风险。但是，并非每个使用抽烟的年轻人间歇性地依赖烟草，而过渡到日常使用的人的时间顺序都有很大的变化。个体差异可能导致在烟草使用模式中观察到的可变性。该项目将使用多型模式研究方法来检查与烟酒膨胀相关的冲动性和酒精特征的维度，以及酒精如何与行为抑制以增加香烟消耗的方式相互作用。此外，该项目将支持 申请人的职业目标是成为行为药理学领域的独立研究者，能够识别和理解与吸毒和依赖性脆弱性相关的风险因素。冲动性是一种多维结构，可以使用性状措施和行为抑制的任务进行评估，并且这些评估很可能会使药物使用脆弱性概述。冲动的尺寸与烟草不同 启动，升级和依赖。此外，由于急性和慢性药物暴露而改变了行为抑制作用。酒精也与易于升级烟草使用的脆弱性密切相关，急性酒精暴露与行为抑制的减少有关。因此，冲动性和饮酒可能对使用烟草使用的脆弱性具有分开而结合的影响。第一个研究将利用数据 从一项纵向研究来确定年轻人中烟草使用的轨迹以确定1）施加冲动性和饮酒的尺寸可以使使用烟草的使用脆弱性，以及2）如果行为抑制的措施因逐渐使用而改变了行为抑制的措施。第二项研究将利用实验室设计来检查酒精诱导的行为抑制作用是否介导了急性酒精给药和脂肪卷烟消耗的增加之间的关系。这些研究的结果将通过阐明在冲动性和饮酒特征和吸烟的升级的个体差异之间的关系来改善科学知识，并确定负责酒精诱导的烟草使用升级的机制。这些知识将有助于为减少日常吸烟升级的年轻人数量的筛查和预防工作提供信息。