Effects of Light Rail Transit on Physical Activity: A Natural Experiment

轻轨交通对身体活动的影响：一项自然实验

• 批准号: 8677324
• 负责人: Harold Willis Kohl
• 金额: $ 66.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-12 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8677324
• 关键词: Accounting; Active Biological Transport; Adult; Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral Sciences; Biometry; Cardiovascular Diseases; Choice Behavior; Chronic Disease; Cities; Clinical; Communities; Data; Demographic Factors; Destinations; Effectiveness; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Household; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Life; Light; Long-Term Effects; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Minority; Modeling; Natural experiment; Nature; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Occupational; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Public Health; Race; Recreation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Rest; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Soccer; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Factors; Socioeconomic Status; Specialist; Stress; Subgroup; Swimming; System; Target Populations; Techniques; Texas; Time; Transportation; Travel; United States; Variant; Walking; Work; base; behavior influence; contextual factors; design; diaries; evidence base; follow-up; improved; infrastructure development; interest; intervention effect; light effects; public health relevance; social; socioeconomics; success; uptake

Project summary/abstract Physical inactivity is a known risk factor for obesity and related chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Substantial variations exist in physical activity and obesity by various factors such as socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. Recent research has clarified the multiple domains of physical activity (discretionary, household, transport-related and occupational) as well as the role that the built environment can play in supporting or impeding physical activity. It is now clear that transport-related physical activity, i.e. activity undertaken to get to a destination, can help play a major role in achieving recommended levels of physical activity. Public transit is a natural candidate for study in this regard because use of transit almost invariably requires some degree of activity to travel to and from the stops, such as walking or biking. The purpose of the proposed time-sensitive project is to evaluate, in the context of a natural experiment, the short and long-term effect of a new light rail transit (LRT) system on adult's physical activity in Houston, Texas. We are particularly interested in understanding this effect in the low-income, ethnically diverse adult population residing along the LRT line. This study is possible because of an ongoing expansion of the city's LRT system. To accomplish this goal, we propose the following three specific aims in 1,400 residents living within a half-mile of the new rails lines and 500 living beyond walking distance of the lines: (1) Evaluate the short-term (<12 months) and long-term (24 & 36 months) impact of accessibility to a new LRT line on LRT and overall transit use; (2) Evaluate the short- and long-term impact of LRT use on transit-related and overall physical activity levels; and (3) Using travel choice modeling techniques, examine the factors (such as demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors) influencing individuals' LRT mode choice decision, as well as the relation between individuals' LRT mode choice and active-travel behavior choices. We will assess typical travel patterns and transit use with travel diaries; self-reported physical activity; measure resident perceptions of the neighborhood environment; conduct on-the-ground neighborhood audits; and develop GIS-based profiles of the built environment of study neighborhoods. A subgroup of 1000 participants (500 each in intervention and control areas) will wear accelerometers for one week to provide a direct measure of physical activity. Baseline data will be collected prior to the lines' opening in late December 2013, with follow-up occurring once a year for three years. This proposed project improves substantially upon related prior studies. First, with a follow-up of three years post-LRT opening, we will be able to determine sustainability of changes to physical activity. Second, our target population is primarily minority and lower income, a collectively understudied group regarding physical activity. The population is also representative of demographic changes projected to occur in the rest of the Unites States.Third, we have a strong interdisciplinary team of consisting of specialists in epidemiology and public health, biostatistics, behavioral science and transportation engineering.

项目概要/摘要 缺乏身体活动是肥胖和相关慢性疾病的已知危险因素，包括心血管疾病 疾病和某些癌症。身体活动和肥胖之间存在着很大的差异， 社会经济地位和种族/民族。最近的研究已经澄清了物理学的多个领域 活动（自由支配的、家庭的、与交通有关的和职业的）以及 环境可以支持或阻碍身体活动。现在很清楚，与运输有关的物质 活动，即为到达目的地而进行的活动，可以帮助在实现建议的目标方面发挥重要作用。 体力活动水平。公共交通是这方面研究的自然候选者，因为使用公共交通 几乎总是需要一定程度的活动来往返于站点，例如步行或骑自行车。 拟议的时间敏感项目的目的是在自然实验的背景下评估 德克萨斯州休斯顿市新轻轨交通系统对成年人体力活动短期和长期影响 我们特别感兴趣的是了解这种影响在低收入，种族多样化的成年人口 居住在沿着轻轨线。这项研究是可能的，因为城市的轻轨系统正在扩大。 为了实现这一目标，我们提出了以下三个具体目标，在1,400居民生活在半英里 的新的铁路线和500生活以外的步行距离的路线：（1）评估短期（<12 一条新的轻轨线路的可达性对轻轨和整体交通的长期（24和36个月）影响 使用;（2）评估LRT使用对交通相关和整体身体活动的短期和长期影响 水平;和（3）使用旅行选择建模技术，检查因素（如人口统计， 社会经济及环境因素），以及 个人轻轨交通方式选择与主动出行行为选择的关系。我们将评估典型的 旅行模式和交通使用与旅行日记;自我报告的身体活动;测量居民的看法 社区环境;进行实地社区审计;并开发基于GIS的 研究社区的建筑环境概况。一个由1000名参与者组成的亚组（每名参与者500人， 干预和控制区域）将佩戴加速计一周， 活动基线数据将在2013年12月下旬热线开通之前收集， 每年发生一次，持续三年。该项目的提出大大改善了相关的先前研究。 首先，我们会在轻铁启用后进行为期三年的跟进调查，以确定各项改变是否可以持续下去 身体活动。其次，我们的目标人群主要是少数族裔和低收入群体， 身体活动的不足。人口也是人口结构变化的代表 第三，我们拥有一支强大的跨学科团队， 流行病学和公共卫生、生物统计学、行为科学和运输工程方面的专家。