Food Cues, Stress, Motivation for Highly Palatable Foods and Weight Gain

食物暗示、压力、对美味食物的动机和体重增加

• 批准号: 8598990
• 负责人: Rajita Sinha
• 金额: $ 62.7万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8598990
• 关键词: Address; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Biochemical; Biological; Bite; Body mass index; Brain; Calories; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Complex; Cues; Development; Dietary intake; Disease; Eating; Emotional Stress; Emotions; Environment; Epidemic; Event; Exposure to; Food; Future; Glucocorticoids; Glucose; Human; Hunger; Hyperphagia; Individual; Individual Differences; Insulin Resistance; Intake; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Leptin; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Medical; Metabolic; Metabolic stress; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; OGTT; Obesity; Outpatients; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Procedures; Relative (related person); Rewards; Stress; Stressful Event; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Touch sensation; United States; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; base; biobehavior; burden of illness; clinically significant; cost effective; craving; design; follow-up; food craving; innovation; insulin sensitivity; men; method development; neuropsychiatry; novel; obesity risk; prospective; public health relevance; research study; response; restraint; transmission process; treatment strategy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is a global epidemic that greatly increases chronic disease burden. Overeating of highly palatable (HP) foods, especially in the ubiquitous food cue environment and in the context of stressful life events, are known to promote HP food craving, intake and weight gain, but the differential biobehavioral mechanisms underlying these effects is unclear. Using a novel experimental paradigm, promising preliminary results indicated that brief exposure to food cue and to emotional stress increases motivation for and intake of HP snack foods in the laboratory, more so in overweight (OW/OB) than in lean (LN) individuals. Furthermore, OW/OB individuals show altered biological stress and metabolic states with different biobehavioral responses during food cue and stress exposures which predict HP food craving and intake. On the basis of these results, we propose a 5-year experimental study with a prospective 2-year longitudinal follow-up in healthy men and women categorized on the basis of lean (body mass index: BMI<25), overweight (BMI=25-29.9) and obese Class I (BMI=30-35) groups to test the hypothesis that food cue and stress will increase HP food craving and intake, and higher BMI-related metabolic and stress system adaptations will predict HP food motivation and intake, which in turn, will promote future weight gain and obesity. The specific aims are: (1) to examine if exposure to food cue and to stress vs. neutral relaxing cues differentially increase HP food craving, eating topography, emotion, hunger and alters physiological and biochemical responses, and if changes vary across BMI groups; (2) to assess differential increases in HP food intake in each condition and whether it varies as a function of BMI group; (3) to identify whether HP food craving, emotion, hunger, physiological and metabolic responses is predictive of eating topography measures, calories and weight of HP food intake in each condition; (4) to assess whether stress- and food cue-induced HP food craving, intake and laboratory responses are predictive of food motivation, dietary intake and weight gain over the 2-year follow-up period; and (5) to explore the influence of key individual differences variables of cumulative stress, eating patterns, and physical activity on stress and cue-related responses and food intake in the laboratory and on motivation for HP food intake in the two-year follow-up period. Successful completion of the project will lead to an innovative and valid method to model of HP food craving and intake in the laboratory, which may be utilized for testing novel intervention strategies to decrease high levels of food motivation, overeating and obesity risk.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是一种全球流行病，极大地增加了慢性疾病负担。众所周知，过度食用美味食物，尤其是在无处不在的食物提示环境和压力生活事件的背景下，会促进美味食物的渴望、摄入和体重增加，但这些影响背后的不同生物行为机制尚不清楚。使用一种新的实验范式，初步结果表明，在实验室中，短暂暴露于食物线索和情绪压力会增加HP零食的动机和摄入，超重（OW/OB）的人比瘦（LN）的人更有动力。此外，在食物提示和压力暴露过程中，OW/OB个体表现出不同的生物应激和代谢状态，并表现出不同的生物行为反应，这预示着HP的食物渴望和摄入。基于这些结果，我们提出了一项为期5年的实验研究，并在健康男性和女性中进行前瞻性2年的纵向随访，根据瘦（体重指数）分类：BMI<25)，超重（BMI=25-29.9）和肥胖I类（BMI=30-35）组，以验证食物提示和压力会增加HP食物渴望和摄入的假设，高BMI相关的代谢和应激系统适应将预测HP食物动机和摄入，进而促进未来体重增加和肥胖。具体目的是：(1)检查暴露于食物线索和压力与中性放松线索是否会不同地增加HP食物渴望、饮食地形、情绪、饥饿和改变生理生化反应，以及不同BMI组的变化是否不同；(2)评估不同情况下HP食物摄入量的差异增加，以及是否随BMI组的变化而变化；(3)确定HP食物渴望、情绪、饥饿感、生理和代谢反应是否对进食地形测量、HP食物摄入的卡路里和体重有预测作用；(4)在为期2年的随访期间，评估应激和食物线索诱导的HP食物渴望、摄入和实验室反应是否可预测食物动机、饮食摄入和体重增加；(5)在为期2年的随访期内，探讨累积应激、饮食模式和体力活动等关键个体差异变量对实验室应激和线索相关反应、食物摄入以及HP食物摄入动机的影响。该项目的成功完成将导致一种创新和有效的方法来模拟HP在实验室中的食物渴望和摄入，这可能被用于测试新的干预策略，以减少高水平的食物动机，暴饮暴食和肥胖风险。