Migration and Health in Malawi

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然人们早就确定移民和健康状况密切相关，但确定移民对健康的影响仍然是许多移民研究面临的一个尚未解决的挑战。这一挑战仍然存在，主要是由于数据有限，例如无法衡量影响移徙和健康的所有特征，或者缺乏必要的纵向数据，无法区分移徙对健康的影响和选择健康状况不同的人进入移徙流。此外，尽管艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病对移徙模式产生了影响，而且撒南非洲的国内移徙率很高，而且还在不断上升，但移徙和保健研究通常侧重于亚洲、欧洲或北美洲，而不是撒南非洲。这项拟议的研究将通过以下方式解决移徙与健康之间关系研究中的这两个重要空白：（1）解决常常妨碍在移徙与健康之间建立因果关系的若干核心方法学挑战;（2）启动对撒哈拉以南非洲的区域关注。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although it has long been established that migration and health status are closely linked, identifying the effect of migration on health remains an unresolved challenge for much migration research. This challenge has remained due primarily to data limitations, such as the inability to measure all characteristics that affect both migration and health, or the lack of longitudinal data necessary to distinguish between the effect of migration on health and the selection of individuals of differing health status into migration streams. Furthermore, migration and health research has typically focused on Asia, Europe or North America instead of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), despite the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on migration patterns, and the high and increasing rates of internal migration in SSA. This proposed study will address these two important gaps in research on the relationship between migration and health by (1) addressing several central methodological challenges that often preclude establishing a causal connection between migration and health, and (2) initiating a regional focus on SSA.