Behavioral and Ecological Suicide Tracking: Attention, Interpretation, and Memory

描述(由申请人提供)：尽管在理解和治疗自杀行为方面取得了进步，但在过去的十年里，这个国家的自杀率并没有下降。虽然之前的研究已经确定了自杀行为的几个危险因素，但这些变量提供的预测水平是不够的。目前风险因素的一个主要局限性是，几乎完全基于患者的报告。不幸的是，患者报告的效用可能是 因患者拒绝如实报告自杀意念和行为，或与认知和经验风险相关的患者自我意识有限等因素造成的妥协 与自杀有关的因素。最近，两个领域的研究在确定自杀行为的潜在风险因素方面显示出希望，这些因素可能会解决这些限制。首先，内隐认知过程领域的研究表明，有自杀风险的人 而自我伤害行为具有客观上可检测到的与自杀相关的关联，而他们可能并不知道或不愿明确披露。其次，将生态瞬间评估技术应用于自我伤害行为已经产生了令人鼓舞的结果，两项研究表明，情感上的变化比单纯的处置措施更能预测未来的自我伤害事件，而患者在很大程度上没有意识到这一点。BEST-AIM研究提出了第一个全面调查隐性和经验性测量的方法 因有显著自杀风险而住进精神病院的高危患者样本中的自杀风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite advances in understanding and treating suicidal behavior, suicide rates in this country have not fallen over the last decade. While previous research has identified several risk factors for suicidal behavior, the level of predictio afforded by these variables is inadequate. One major limitation of current risk factors is that the are almost exclusively based on patient report. Unfortunately, the utility of patient report may be compromised by factors such as patient resistance to reporting honestly regarding suicidal ideation and behavior or limited patient self- awareness related to cognitive and experiential risk factors associated with suicide. Recently, two areas of research have shown promise in identifying potent risk factors for suicidal behavior that may address these limitations. First, research in the area of implicit cognitive processes has shown that individuals at-risk for suicide and self-harm behavior have objectively detectable suicide-related associations of which they may not be aware or willing to disclose explicitly. Second, the application of ecological momentary assessment technology to self-harm behavior has produced encouraging results, with two studies indicating that shifts in affectivity, of which patients are largely unaware, are better predictors of future episodes of self-harm than dispositional measures alone. The BEST-AIM study proposes the first, fully powered, investigation of implicit and experiential measures of suicide risk in a high-risk sample of patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to significan suicide risk.