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Children's Health and Vulnerability to Heat and Ozone in New York City

纽约市儿童的健康以及对高温和臭氧的脆弱性

基本信息

批准号：
8487404
负责人：
Jane Ellen Clougherty
金额：
$ 20.75万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-06-15 至 2015-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8487404
关键词：
5 year old Accident and Emergency department Acute Admission activity Adult Affect Age Air Air Conditioning Air Pollution Asthma Cereals Characteristics Child Child health care Childhood Childhood Asthma Chronic Cities Climate Code Communities Crime Data Data Set Databases Dehydration Disadvantaged Emergency Situation Environment Epidemiology Event Exposure to Funding Future Health Heating Height Hospital Departments Hospitalization Individual Information Systems Link Measures Mediating Methods Modeling Modification Monitor Morbidity - disease rate Neighborhoods New York New York City Outcome Ozone Population Population Density Poverty Predisposition Prevalence Readiness Research Research Infrastructure Resolution Risk Schools Site Structure Surface Surveys System Temperature Variant Violence Visit Weather Work age group aged air monitoring climate change improved indexing land use mortality ozone exposure population based population health social stressor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To better understand effects of climate change on children's health, we propose to: (1) Develop high-resolution spatial and temporal models that will enable us to estimate neighborhood-specific ground-level ozone and surface temperature levels, and (2) Link these estimated exposures to population-based data on childhood asthma hospitalizations and pediatric emergency department visits geo-coded to residential zip-code. We hypothesize that children are particularly vulnerable and that health effects of climate change will be magnified in socially disadvantaged communities. An impediment to previous study of these issues has been lack of high- resolution data on ozone and temperature levels. We propose to overcome this limitation by constructing spatially and temporally resolved estimates of surface temperature, heat index, and air pollution at the neighborhood level using rich datasets collected through atmospheric monitoring networks in New York City (NYC) and interpolated to the community level using sophisticated local climate models. This study builds upon the unique highly-spatially resolved data and analytic infrastructure of the NYC Community Air Survey and existing models to predict future temperature increases to examine the potential for climate change to produce varying impacts on health city-wide. No study has used such a highly spatially-resolved database as proposed here. Further, we employ a unique previously-compiled dataset of city-wide susceptibility indicators to understand community-level vulnerability to climate change by chronic stressors. Specific Aim 1: Develop fine-grained, neighborhood-specific, spatially and temporally resolved calculations of ground-level ozone and surface temperature levels in multiple, highly diverse communities across the five boroughs of NYC. Specific Aim 2: Conduct an epidemiologic analysis of child health outcomes in multiple, diverse NYC communities during warm summer weather. Results of this research will be shared with city agencies to inform near-term climate adaptation as well as ongoing efforts to incorporate climate risk information into long term plans concerning land use, infrastructure, and other climate change adaptation measures. This research will provide pilot data to larger projects currently being developed in Pittsburgh. Developing stronger methods to assess short-term intra-urban variation in temperature and air pollution on children's health outcomes will enable improved assessment of children's health in other cities as well as different vulnerable age groups in NYC.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了更好地了解气候变化对儿童健康的影响，我们建议：(1)开发高分辨率时空模型，使我们能够估计社区特定的地面臭氧和地表温度水平；(2)将这些估计暴露与基于人口的儿童哮喘住院和儿科急诊就诊数据联系起来，地理编码为住宅邮政编码。我们假设儿童特别容易受到伤害，气候变化对健康的影响在社会弱势群体中会被放大。以前研究这些问题的一个障碍是缺乏关于臭氧和温度水平的高分辨率数据。为了克服这一限制，我们建议利用纽约市大气监测网络收集的丰富数据集，在社区层面构建空间和时间分辨率的地表温度、热指数和空气污染估计，并使用复杂的当地气候模型插值到社区层面。本研究建立在纽约市社区空气调查独特的高空间分辨率数据和分析基础设施以及现有模型的基础上，以预测未来温度升高，以研究气候变化对全市健康产生不同影响的可能性。没有任何研究使用过本文所建议的这种高度空间分辨的数据库。此外，我们采用了一个独特的先前编制的城市敏感性指标数据集，以了解慢性压力源对社区层面气候变化的脆弱性。具体目标1：在纽约市五个区多个高度多样化的社区中，对地面臭氧和地表温度水平进行细粒度的、特定于社区的、空间和时间分辨的计算。具体目标2：在温暖的夏季天气下，对纽约市多个不同社区的儿童健康结果进行流行病学分析。这项研究的结果将与城市机构共享，以告知近期的气候适应以及将气候风险信息纳入有关土地利用、基础设施和其他气候变化适应措施的长期计划的持续努力。这项研究将为匹兹堡目前正在开发的大型项目提供试点数据。制定更有力的方法来评估城市内温度变化和空气污染对儿童健康结果的短期影响，将有助于改进对纽约市其他城市以及不同弱势年龄组儿童健康的评估。