Foamy virus zoonotic transmission from New World Monkeys

描述（由申请人提供）：猿猴泡沫病毒（SFV）是迄今为止在所有非人灵长类动物（NHP）中发现的复杂逆转录病毒。来自旧大陆猴子和猿的SFV已被发现可能通过唾液传播给人类。虽然SFV在天然NHP宿主中显然无致病性，但已经确定和分析的SFV感染人类数量不足，无法明确了解SFV感染的影响（如果有的话）。慢病毒，也是复杂的逆转录病毒，感染自然宿主是没有致病性的，但重组导致了HIV-1，在人类中具有高致病性。没有出版物处理重组SFV在NHP或人类中的存在。到目前为止，似乎没有任何病理与人类感染旧大陆NHP SFV有关。目前还没有关于人类感染新大陆新发hp SFV的研究。我们从参加美国灵长类动物学家协会会议的美国灵长类动物学家那里获得了样本。这些个体暴露于大量来自不同地区的旧大陆和新大陆的NHP，暴露通常包括叮咬和其他导致唾液转移的灵长类动物行为。仅基于血清学分析的初步数据表明，这些个体中感染新世界NHP SFV的比例异常高。本方案的实验将证实这些个体确实感染了新世界SFV，在感染多个SFV基因型的个体中寻找重组病毒，并随着时间的推移追踪检测人类SFV感染情况。主要技术将是利用gag和pol的特异性引物进行PCR和RT-PCR，以及利用易感组织培养细胞从人样本中分离SFV。这些研究将大大增加对猿类泡沫病毒对人类的人畜共患感染的认识。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Simian foamy viruses (SFV) are complex retrovirus that are found in all nonhuman primates (NHP) examined to date. SFV from Old World monkeys and apes has been found to be zoonotically transmitted to humans, probably through saliva. Although SFV is apparently non pathogenic in natural NHP hosts, insufficient numbers of SFV infected humans have been identified and analyzed to definitely know the effects, if any, of SFV infection. In the case of lentiviruses, also complex retroviruses, infection of natural hosts is not pathogenic, but recombination has led to HIV-1, highly pathogenic in humans. There are no publications dealing with the presence of recombinant SFV in NHP or humans. Thus far, there does not appear to be any pathology associated with Old World NHP SFV infection of humans. There have been no studies of humans infected with New World NHP SFV. We have obtained samples from American primatologists attending the American Society of Primatologists meeting. These individuals have been exposed to a large number of Old and New World NHP native to different locations, and exposure often includes bites and other primate behaviors leading to saliva transfer. Preliminary data, based only on serological analysis, suggest that an unusually large proportion of these individuals are infected with New World NHP SFV. Experiments in this proposal will confirm that these individuals are indeed infected with New World SFV, search for recombinant viruses in individuals infected with more than one SFV genotype, and follow up to examine SFV infection of humans over time. The primary techniques will be PCR and RT-PCR using specific primers in gag and pol, and isolation of SFV from human samples using susceptible tissue culture cells. These studies will greatly increase knowledge of zoonotic infection of humans by simian foamy viruses.