Random Shear Shuttle BAC Libraries for Antimicrobial Discovery from Soil Metageno

用于从土壤 Metageno 中发现抗菌剂的随机剪切穿梭 BAC 文库

• 批准号: 8435379
• 负责人: XING-CONG LI
• 金额: $ 100万
• 依托单位: LUCIGEN CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8435379
• 关键词: Acinetobacter; American; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotics; Antifungal Agents; Antiviral Agents; Applications Grants; Bacterial Infections; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Biological Assay; Biological Factors; Budgets; Businesses; Characteristics; Chemical Structure; Chemicals; Clinical; Cloning; Communicable Diseases; Custom; DNA; Data; Development; Economics; Environment; Escherichia coli; Evaluation; Fermentation; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Goals; Health; Human; Incidence; Investments; Klebsiella; Lead; Libraries; Life; Medical; Medicine; Melilotus; Metagenomics; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Weight; Multi-Drug Resistance; Mus; Nosocomial Infections; Pathway interactions; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Protocols documentation; Pseudomonas; Public Health; Research; Research Proposals; Resistance; Resources; Safety; Sales; Science; Scientist; Sequence Analysis; Services; Shuttle Vectors; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Soil; Source; Stretching; Structure; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Toxic effect; Universities; Work; antimicrobial; chemical genetics; cost; drug discovery; drug resistant bacteria; expression cloning; fight against; improved; in vivo; innovation; member; metagenome; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; mouse model; next generation; novel; pathogen; research and development; research clinical testing; screening; small molecule; tool; vector; weapons

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 100,000 Americans perish each year due to untreatable bacterial infections. The societal benefits of new antibiotic compounds that are effective against numerous multiple drug resistant pathogens would be significant. The best possible source for new antibiotic structures with potentially novel mechanisms of action is within natural environments, particularly soils, which have the greatest diversity of microbial life. This research proposal advances the science of metagenomics, the cloning of DNA from entire microbial communities, to discover novel antibiotics and identify the best lead candidates for clinical development. During Phase I research scientists at Lucigen Corporation and Auburn University united four key technological breakthroughs that together resulted in the next generation metagenomic library. This library combined 1) an improved methodology for the isolation and purification of high molecular weight genomic DNA from soil microorganisms; 2) a new broad host range shuttle vector for enhanced expression of cloned DNAs; 3) a random shear cloning method to produce very large insert sizes (>100 kb); and 4) a rapid and improved screening method to identify antibiotic-producing clones within a metagenomic library. The library produced in Phase I was screened against a clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resulting in the identification of 28 metagenomic clones that produce anti- MRSA compounds. 12 of these anti-MRSA clones were analyzed by sequencing and found to have very large insert sizes (average 113.5 kb) and novel genetic diversity not encountered before. Moreover, one of the clones was found to produce a novel chemical metabolite. These results are 10-100 fold more efficient than previous efforts. In Phase II a large metagenomic library will be constructed and extensively screened for antimicrobial activity against four multiple drug resistant pathogens. We expect to uncover hundreds of novel chemical entities using this approach, and lead candidates with high potency against multiple bacterial pathogens will be evaluated for efficacy using a novel in vivo assay of MRSA. These technologies represent an important advancement for the science of antibiotic discovery. Furthermore, the libraries produced from this research are a valuable genomic resource that may be screened for other bioactive compounds (e.g., anticancer, antifungal or antiviral activities).

描述（由申请人提供）：每年有10万美国人死于无法治愈的细菌感染。有效对抗多种多重耐药病原体的新抗生素化合物的社会效益将是显著的。具有潜在新型作用机制的新型抗生素结构的最佳可能来源是自然环境，特别是土壤，其中微生物生命的多样性最大。这项研究提案推进了宏基因组学的科学，即从整个微生物群落中克隆DNA，以发现新型抗生素并确定临床开发的最佳候选药物。在第一阶段的研究中，Lucigen公司和奥本大学的科学家们联合了四项关键技术突破，共同产生了下一代宏基因组文库。该文库结合了1）用于从土壤微生物中分离和纯化高分子量基因组DNA的改进的方法; 2）用于增强克隆DNA表达的新的宽宿主范围穿梭载体; 3）产生非常大的插入片段大小（>100 kb）的随机剪切克隆方法;和4）鉴定宏基因组文库内的产芽孢杆菌克隆的快速和改进的筛选方法。针对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的临床分离株筛选I期产生的文库，导致鉴定出28个产生抗MRSA化合物的宏基因组克隆。通过测序分析了这些抗MRSA克隆中的12个，发现它们具有非常大的插入片段大小（平均113.5 kb）和以前没有遇到过的新的遗传多样性。此外，其中一个克隆被发现产生一种新的化学代谢物。这些结果比以前的工作效率高10-100倍。在第二阶段，将构建一个大型宏基因组文库，并广泛筛选对四种多重耐药病原体的抗微生物活性。我们希望使用这种方法发现数百种新的化学实体，并且将使用新型MRSA体内检测来评估对多种细菌病原体具有高效力的主要候选物的功效。这些技术代表了抗生素发现科学的重要进步。此外，从该研究产生的文库是有价值的基因组资源，其可以筛选其他生物活性化合物（例如，抗癌、抗真菌或抗病毒活性）。