Vitamin A Supplementation and Retinol Metabolism in the Neonatal Period

新生儿期维生素A的补充和视黄醇的代谢

• 批准号: 8607636
• 负责人: A. CATHARINE ROSS
• 金额: $ 5.81万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-20 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8607636
• 关键词: Admixture; Adult; Affect; Africa; Air; All-Trans-Retinol; Alveolar; Area; Asia; Birth; Blood Vessels; Bolus Infusion; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Cell Respiration; Child; Clinical Treatment; Country; Dexamethasone; Diet; Differentiation and Growth; Dose; Embryonic Development; Esterification; Esters; Failure; Family; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Health Policy; Health Professional; Hematopoiesis; Human; Human Milk; Immune response; Infant; Inflammation; Inflammatory Response; International; Kidney; Kinetics; Knowledge; Life; Ligands; Link; Liver; Low Birth Weight Infant; Lung; Lung diseases; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Mus; Neonatal; Neonatal Intensive Care; Newborn Infant; Nuclear; Nutrient; Nutritional Requirements; Organ; Outcome; Oxygen; Physiological; Physiology; Placebos; Plasma; Policies; Policy Maker; Postpartum Period; Public Health; Rattus; Recommendation; Recommended Dietary Allowance; Reporting; Research; Respiratory physiology; Retinal; Retinoid Receptor; Retinoids; Retinol Binding Proteins; Retinol Metabolism Pathway; Structure of parenchyma of lung; Supplementation; Surface; System; Testing; Tissue Differentiation; Tissues; Tracer; Translations; Tretinoin; Vitamin A; absorption; age group; cell type; feeding; functional outcomes; improved; lung maturation; mathematical model; mature animal; mortality; neonate; oxidation; postnatal; rapid growth; retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase; trafficking; uptake

At birth, the concentrations of vitamin A (VA, retinol) in liver and plasma are much lower than in older children and well-fed adults. The VA nutritional requirement of the neonate has only been estimated by determining the amount of VA consumed in breast milk, but the neonate¿s true metabolic requirement for VA is not known. VA supplementation trials in which a large bolus dose is delivered soon after birth are being conducted in countries where VA deficiency is considered a public health problem to determine if morbidity and mortality are reduced, yet there is no physiological model of VA metabolism to help guide public health professionals and policy makers in deciding if neonates are able to store and retain a large bolus dose of VA. The hypothesis is that VA supplementation vs. placebo, and a combination of VA and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), VARA, compared to VA alone, will alter whole-body retinol kinetics in neonates. The aims make use of mathematical modeling to test whether VARA is more effective than VA in directing retinol into specific tissues (lungs, and other organs), and whether maternal postpartum dietary VA alters retinol metabolism in the neonate. The aims also test whether VA and VARA favorably affects the inflammatory response of the lungs caused by oxygen treatment, as is frequently necessary for low birth weight infants. These studies will generate new knowledge on the absorption, storage and utilization of retinol, together with molecular factors and functional outcomes in neonates. The research will be significant for understanding neonatal retinol physiology; VA nutritional requirements; for translation to international and national public health policy decisions; and potentially for translation to improved neonatal intensive care.

出生时，肝脏和血浆中的维生素A （VA，视黄醇）浓度比老年人低得多