Established Investigator Award Anti-Inflammatory Exposures in Cancer Prevention

描述(申请人提供)：在25年的癌症预防研究中，很少发现对一种以上癌症有效的干预措施。慢性炎症有助于多个器官的癌变，因此抗炎药有可能降低几个部位的癌症风险。1999年，艾米丽·怀特博士获得了维生素与生活方式(VITAL)研究的资助，这是一项关于膳食补充剂使用与癌症风险的前瞻性队列研究。华盛顿州西部的77,738名年龄在50-76岁的男性和女性进入了队列，他们填写了一份关于过去10年38种补充剂的使用、饮食和生活方式因素的详细问卷。超过54,000名参与者还提供了口腔细胞样本进行DNA检测。到目前为止，最有力和最一致的发现是，只有抗炎补充剂(特别是氨基葡萄糖、软骨素和鱼油/n-3脂肪酸)似乎才能降低几种癌症的风险。 这项为怀特博士设立的研究人员奖(K05)将为指导和研究抗炎暴露和癌症风险领域以及她的受训者感兴趣的其他主题提供受保护的时间。申请人有指导和指导培训项目的丰富历史，目前正在指导来自不同领域的1名博士后、4名博士后和7名初级教职员工，并对未来继续指导有着坚定的承诺。来自大量重要队列的数据和样本的可用性，随着研究的成熟，癌症的数量不断增加(预计到2011年将超过10,300种癌症)，以及可以研究的癌症的范围(前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、黑色素瘤、膀胱癌、血液/淋巴)吸引了年轻的研究人员与她合作。除了为学员提供发表研究论文的想法、指导和研究平台外，申请者还努力为发展他们的独立研究提供指导。 这项奖励将为White博士提供更多的时间来扩大她和她的受训人员的研究范围，包括其他队列尚未确定的其他抗炎补充剂(例如葡萄籽、MSM)、抗炎药物以及与多种癌症发病率、癌症总发病率和癌症死亡率有关的促炎和抗炎饮食因素(如n-6和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸)。此外，该奖项将提供试点数据，使她和她的受训人员能够扩展到潜在化学预防药物对炎症生物标志物的影响的短期随机试验，以及对感兴趣的抗炎暴露和癌症存活率的研究。怀特博士也是《流行病学暴露测量原理》一书的作者，这一奖项将为她提供专门的时间，让她在这一领域进行更多的方法学研究。为了实现这一目标，申请者将减少她巨大的行政责任，包括辞去华盛顿大学公共卫生学院研究副院长的职务。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the 25 years of cancer prevention research, few interventions have been identified that have effects on more than one type of cancer. Chronic inflammation contributes to carcinogenesis in multiple organs, thus anti-inflammatory agents have the potential to reduce the risk of cancer at several sites. In 1999, Dr. Emily White was awarded funding for the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) study, a prospective cohort study of dietary supplement use and cancer risk. 77,738 men and women in western Washington State, age 50-76, entered the cohort, by completing a detailed questionnaire on use of 38 supplements over the past 10 years, diet, and lifestyle factors. Over 54,000 participants also provided buccal cell specimens for DNA. The strongest and most consistent findings to date are that only the anti-inflammatory supplements (in particular glucosamine, chondroitin and fish oil/n-3 fatty acids) appear to reduce the risk of several cancers. This proposed Established Investigator Award (K05) for Dr. White would provide protected time for mentoring and research in the area of anti-inflammatory exposures and cancer risk, and other topics of interest to her trainees. The applicant has an extensive history of mentoring and directing training programs, is currently mentoring 1 pre-doctoral, 4 post-doctoral and 7 junior faculty members from a range of fields, and has a strong commitment to continue mentoring in the future. The availability of the data and specimens from the large VITAL cohort, the increasing numbers of cancers as the study matures (over 10,300 cancers expected by 2011), and the range of cancers that can be studied (prostate, breast, lung, colorectal, melanoma, bladder, blood/lymph) attract young investigators to work with her. In addition to providing ideas, guidance and the research platform for publishing research papers to her trainees, the applicant endeavors to provide guidance in developing their independent research as well. This award would provide additional time for Dr. White to expand her and her trainees' research to other anti-inflammatory supplements (e.g., grapeseed, MSM) which have not been ascertained by other cohorts, to anti-inflammatory drugs, and to pro- and anti-inflammatory dietary factors (e.g., n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) in relation to incidence of multiple types of cancer, total cancer incidence and cancer mortality. In addition, the award would provide pilot data to allow her and her trainees to branch out into short-term randomized trials of the effects of potential chemopreventive agents on biomarkers of inflammation, and to studies of the anti-inflammatory exposures of interest and survival from cancer. Dr. White is also author of the book "Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology", and this award would provide dedicated time for her to pursue additional methodologic research in this area. To accomplish this, the applicant will reduce her large administrative responsibilities, including stepping down from her role as Associate Dean for Research in the University of Washington School of Public Health.