Resistance and Cardiorespiratory Time-matched Exercise Training in Youth: A Rando

描述(由申请者提供)：目前儿童肥胖症的流行率是一个主要的健康问题，因为超重/肥胖的年轻人可能会患有共同的疾病，曾经被认为是成年人的专利。有研究表明，缺乏运动是儿童和青少年肥胖及肥胖相关健康风险的主要决定因素。最近对成年人的研究报告称，在减少2型糖尿病的危险因素方面，有氧运动和阻力运动的结合是比单独进行有氧运动或阻力运动更好的策略。目前，最有效的运动方式同时减少肥胖，特别是腹部脂肪，以及2型糖尿病和心血管疾病(CVD)的风险因素，在青少年中尚不清楚。因此，我们将首次采用随机对照试验来检验长期有氧运动、抗阻运动以及两种运动方案的组合对以下方面的影响：1)体内胰岛素敏感性、糖耐量和2型糖尿病风险；2)总肥胖症、骨骼肌块、内脏脂肪和肝脏和骨骼肌中的异位脂肪；3)超重男孩和女孩中CD的传统和非传统危险因素/标记物。我们将招募[168]名12-[17]岁的久坐超重(BMI&GT；第85百分位)的青少年男孩和女孩，并将他们随机分配到四个6个月干预组中的一个(n=[42]组)：1)有氧运动(180分钟/周)，2)阻力运动(180分钟/周)，3)[联合]有氧和阻力运动(180分钟/周)或4)非运动对照组。将为所有组开出并监测体重维持饮食(55-60%的碳水化合物、15%-20%的蛋白质和25%-30%的脂肪)，以便仅通过运动干预(例如，不限制卡路里)来诱导能量平衡的任何变化。我们认为，这项拟议的申请将产生重大影响，即 与三分之一的美国青少年有直接关系，他们患肥胖症相关共病的风险增加。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current epidemic rate of childhood obesity is a leading health concern as overweight/obese youth may suffer from comorbid conditions, once considered exclusive to adults. It has been suggested that physical inactivity is a major determinant of obesity and obesity-related health risk in children and adolescents. Recent studies in adults report that the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is a better strategy than aerobic or resistance exercise alone for reducing risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Currently, the most effective exercise modality for concurrent reductions of [adiposity], in particular abdominal fat, and risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unknown in adolescents. Therefore, we will employ, for the first time, a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a long-term aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and a combination of both exercise regimens on: 1) in vivo insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and risk for type 2 diabetes; 2) total adiposity, skeletal muscle mass, visceral adiposity and ectopic fat in the liver and skeletal muscle; 3) traditional and non-traditional risk factors/markers for CD in overweight boys and girls. We will recruit [168] sedentary overweight (BMI >85th percentile) adolescent boys and girls aged 12-[17] years old and randomly assign them to one of four 6-month intervention groups (n = [42] each group): 1) aerobic exercise (180 min/week), 2) resistance exercise (180 min/week), 3) [combined] aerobic and resistance exercise (180 min/week) or 4) non-exercising control group. A weight maintenance diet (55-60% carbohydrate, 15-20% protein, and 25-30% fat) will be prescribed and monitored for all groups, so that any changes in energy balance will be induced by exercise intervention alone (e.g., no calorie restriction). We believe that this proposed application will have a significant implication that is directly relevant for one in three American adolescents who are at increased risk of developing obesity-related co-morbidities.