Efficient Assessment of Visual Deficits and Rehabilitation Methods in Amblyopia

弱视视觉缺陷的有效评估和康复方法

• 批准号: 8464122
• 负责人: ZHONG-LIN LU
• 金额: $ 40.74万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8464122
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amblyopia; Automobile Driving; Basic Science; Binocular Vision; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Complex; Contrast Sensitivity; Defect; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Etiology; Evaluation; Eye; Eyedrops; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Letters; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Monocular Vision; Ocular Pathology; Optics; Outcome Measure; Pathology; Performance; Population; Psychophysics; Reading; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Sensory Process; Sports; Syndrome; Testing; Translating; Vision; Vision research; Visual; Visual impairment; base; clinical application; conventional therapy; design; grasp; improved; monocular; novel; rehabilitation strategy; response; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Amblyopia is the leading cause of visual impairment in children and affects approximately 3-5% of the population worldwide. The disorder causes a syndrome of monocular and binocular deficits that persist after optical correction, in the absence of observable ocular pathology. Current treatment for amblyopia is unsuccessful in 25-50% of cases and rarely restores normal binocular vision. The broad range of deficits observed in amblyopia, its different etiologies, and the individual differences in responsiveness to treatment, suggest that multiple functional defects underlie amblyopic visual impairment. This proposal aims to isolate the core deficits that underlie the spectrum of amblyopic visual impairment, develop novel testing methods that efficiently characterize such core deficits, and evaluate how these deficits are affected by current and emerging therapies. Though the list of core deficits we propose to study may not be exhaustive, and other deficits may contribute to amblyopia, developing a framework that improves methods for monocular and binocular visual assessment will facilitate diagnosis, treatment and management of amblyopia and other visual impairments. In Aim 1, we will develop and test novel methods for rapidly assessing contrast sensitivity, binocular interaction, and spatial distortion in normal and amblyopic vision at the individual leve. In Aim 2, we will quantify the dependence of broad visual pathologies observed in amblyopia on core deficits in contrast sensitivity, binocular combination, and spatial distortion. In Aim 3, we will evaluate how conventional and emerging amblyopia treatments remediate each core deficit. The overall goal of the proposed research is therefore to develop and translate state-of-the-art psychophysical methods to clinical applications. Accomplishing the proposed aims will provide new and improved methods for (1) quantifying normal and impaired monocular and binocular vision, (2) analyzing and diagnosing visual impairment, and (3) implementing customizable rehabilitation strategies for visual impairment. The eventual development of comprehensive rehabilitative therapies for amblyopia could be achieved by targeting the core deficits. Each aim addresses a goal of the NEI's National Plan for Eye and Vision Research.

描述（由申请人提供）：弱视是儿童视觉障碍的主要原因，影响了全球大约3-5％的人口。该疾病导致在没有可观察的眼病理学的情况下，在光学校正后持续存在的单眼和双眼缺陷综合征。当前对弱视的治疗在25-50％的病例中没有成功，很少恢复正常的双目视力。在弱视，其病因不同以及对治疗反应的个体差异， 表明多种功能缺陷是弱视视觉障碍的基础。该建议旨在隔离弱势视觉障碍的基础的核心缺陷，开发出新型的测试方法，以有效地表征此类核心缺陷，并评估这些缺陷如何受到当前和新兴疗法的影响。尽管我们建议研究的核心缺陷列表可能并不详尽，其他缺陷可能会导致弱视，开发一个框架，改善单眼和双眼视觉评估方法，将促进弱视和其他视觉障碍的诊断，治疗和管理。在AIM 1中，我们将开发和测试新的方法，用于快速评估单个堤防正常和弱视视觉中的对比度灵敏度，双眼相互作用以及空间失真。在AIM 2中，我们将量化在弱视中观察到的广泛视觉病理对对比度敏感性，双眼组合和空间失真的核心缺陷的依赖性。在AIM 3中，我们将评估常规和新兴的弱视治疗方法如何补救每个核心赤字。因此，拟议的研究的总体目标是将最新的心理物理方法发展和转化为临床应用。完成提出的目标将为（1）量化正常和受损的单眼和双眼视力，（2）分析和诊断视觉障碍，以及（3）实施可自定义的视觉障碍康复策略。最终可以通过针对核心缺陷来实现弱视的全面康复疗法。每个目的都解决了NEI国家的眼睛和视力研究计划的目标。