Multimodal Imaging of Spatiotemporal Integration in the Human Visual System

人类视觉系统时空整合的多模态成像

• 批准号: 8735315
• 负责人: JONATHAN A WINAWER
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8735315
• 关键词: Accounting; Amblyopia; Area; Award; Basic Science; Blinking; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Clinical Research; Communities; Computer Simulation; Data; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Event; Evolution; Eye Movements; Faculty; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Head; Human; Image; Imagery; Judgment; Knowledge; Length; Link; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Mentors; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Multimodal Imaging; Nervous system structure; Neural Pathways; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurons; Neurosciences; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Peripheral; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Relative (related person); Resolution; Scalp structure; Sensory; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Site; Staging; Stimulus; Study models; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Validation; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Fields; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visual system structure; Work; base; computer infrastructure; data modeling; extrastriate visual cortex; flexibility; foot; imaging modality; improved; instrument; model development; predictive modeling; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensor; spatiotemporal; success; tool; trend; visual information; visual map; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

7. Project Summary Seeing requires pooling information over space and time. The nervous system must appropriately integrate and segregate inputs in order to correctly interpret visual scenes. The proposal seeks to build experimental and computational infrastructure to characterize how the human visual system pools information from simple space-time stimuli using multiple imaging modalities, and to relate these measurements to visual perception. A key component of the proposal is to combine measurements from functional MRI with scalp and intracranial electrodes. The different instruments for measuring human brain function have very different sensitivities. Spatial summation measurements and temporal summation measurements will be conducted to derive models of cortical space-time receptive fields. We will test hypotheses about how these receptive fields are organized throughout the visual pathways, characterizing differences between central and peripheral cortical representations and between early and late visual areas. The organization of spatial summation across the visual pathways is better understood than the organization of temporal summation. Spatial summation will therefore be emphasized in model development and validation; temporal summation will be emphasized in later stages. In the mentored phase of the award, one set of studies will be conducted to establish the basic computational infrastructure. Methods will be developed to use measurements in one modality to predict data in another modality. This work will involve modeling spatial summation across the many visual field maps using fMRI, and then using these models to predict the pattern of activity across electrode arrays in response to simple visual stimuli. For a second set of studies, these models will be used as constraints to resolve temporal responses with EEG at the spatial resolution of fMRI. Findings from both sets of studies will be validated with measurements of intracranial electrodes in a clinical subject population. Computational models will be developed to integrate visualization and analysis across the modalities. In the independent phase of the award, temporal summation will be studied with fMRI and the results compared against those from EEG. Measurements of temporal summation will characterize the temporal integration period of different brain areas. Concurrent EEG and psychophysical experiments will be conducted to identify the neural activity patterns associated with perception of various stimulus classes. Together the pattern of results will provide an account of how temporal processing across the visual hierarchy shapes perception. The mentored phase will take place at Stanford University, mostly in the Center for Neurobiological Imaging. The studies will build on the candidate's expertise in functional MRI experiments, computational modeling, and psychophysics. Training in conducting and analyzing EEG experiments and relating the results to MRI data will be a significant part of the training in the mentored phase. The candidate will seek an independent faculty position during the second year of the mentored phase.

7. 项目总结