Regulation of normal and Leber congenital amaurosis-associated RPE65s

正常和 Leber 先天性黑蒙相关 RPE65 的调节

• 批准号: 8527786
• 负责人: Minghao Jin
• 金额: $ 33.73万
• 依托单位: LSU HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8527786
• 关键词: 11 cis Retinal; 11-cis-Retinol; 26S proteasome; Acyl Coenzyme A; Binding; Biochemical; Biochemical Reaction; Blindness; Cattle; Cells; Childhood; Coenzyme A Ligases; Cyclic GMP; Degenerative Disorder; Development; Enzymes; Esters; Exhibits; Expression Library; Gated Ion Channel; Genes; Goals; Human; Hyperactive behavior; In Vitro; Isomerase; Isomerism; Knock-in Mouse; Knock-out; Knowledge; Lead; Leber' s amaurosis; Light; Link; Membrane; Membrane Proteins; Missense Mutation; Molecular; Mus; Mutant Strains Mice; Mutation; Natural regeneration; Opsin; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phenotype; Photoreceptors; Phototransduction; Pigments; Proteins; RPE65 protein; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Pigments; Retinoids; Rhodopsin; Role; Series; Signal Transduction; Site; Structure of retinal pigment epithelium; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Ubiquitin; Very Long Chain Fatty Acid; Vision; base; cold temperature; early onset; expression cloning; fatty acid-transport protein; in vivo; inhibitor/antagonist; innovation; loss of function; multicatalytic endopeptidase complex; mutant; novel; photoreceptor degeneration; prevent; response; retinol isomerase; retinyl palmitate; screening; visual cycle

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The visual cycle is a series of enzymatic reactions essential for regenerating 11-cis retinal (11cRAL), which functions as a molecular switch for activating opsin in response to light stimulation. 11cRAL keeps opsin inactive. When light hits the visual pigments, its energy converts the pigments' 11cRAL into all-trans isomer, thus activating opsin. The activated opsin then triggers phototransduction, which converts the light-activated biochemical signal to an electrical energy by closing the cGMP-gated ion channels in the photoreceptors. Since the opsin that lost 11cRAL is no longer responsive to light, 11cRAL must be regenerated via the visual cycle to re-form the light-sensitive visual pigments. The key enzymatic reaction in the visual cycle is the isomerization of the all-trans retinoid to an 11-cis isomer. We have identified RPE65, a retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) specific membrane-associated protein, as the retinoid isomerase. Mutations in the human RPE65 gene have been associated with an early-onset retinal degenerative disease known as Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Despite the importance of this protein, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the function of RPE65 are largely unknown. The long-term goals of our research are (1) to define the mechanisms that regulate the enzymatic activity of normal and LCA-associated (LCAA) RPE65s and (2) to develop a novel and effective strategy for rescuing LCAA RPE65s. Identification and characterization of proteins that regulates RPE65 function is the key to defining the mechanisms. By screening of the bovine RPE expression library, we have identified three negative regulators of RPE65. The goal of Specific Aim 1 of this proposal is to elucidate the action mechanisms of the negative regulators in vitro and determine their functional role in the visual cycle in vivo. As a step toward defining the inhibitory mechanisms of RPE65 by the regulators, we will first test if the new regulators bind with RPE65. Next we will test if the new regulator can compete with RPE65 for binding to the substrate of RPE65. We will then determine the role of the new regulator in vision by analyzing the visual cycle-related phenotypes of the mutant mice that lack the new regulator. The goal of Specific Aim 2 of this project is to determine whether the new regulators are involved in the pathological mechanism of the LCAA RPE65 mutations and to define the molecular basis for the pathogenicity of LCAA RPE65s with non-active site missense mutations. The proposed research is innovative because it can establish a new research direction in regulation of isomerase activities of normal and LCAA RPE65s and can lead to the development of a novel rescue strategy for delaying or preventing vision loss and photoreceptor degeneration in patients with LCA that is caused by mutations in the RPE65 gene.

描述(申请人提供)：视觉周期是再生11顺式视网膜(11顺式视网膜)所必需的一系列酶反应，它的功能是激活视蛋白对光刺激的反应的分子开关。11眼球使视蛋白处于不活跃状态。当光线照射到视觉色素上时，它的能量会将色素转化为全反式异构体，从而激活视蛋白。激活的视蛋白随后触发光转导，通过关闭光感受器中cGMP门控的离子通道，将光激活的生化信号转换为电能。由于失去11cRal的视蛋白不再对光作出反应，11cRal必须通过视觉周期再生，以重新形成对光敏感的视觉色素。视觉循环中的关键酶反应是将全反式维甲酸异构化为11-顺式异构体。我们已经确定RPE65是一种视网膜色素上皮(RPE)特异性膜相关蛋白，是维甲酸异构酶。人类RPE65基因的突变与一种被称为Leber先天性黑色素(LCA)的早发性视网膜退行性疾病有关。尽管这种蛋白质很重要，但调节RPE65功能的分子机制在很大程度上是未知的。我们研究的长期目标是(1)确定调节正常和LCA相关(LCAA)RPE65s的酶活性的机制；(2)开发一种新的有效策略来拯救LCAA RPE65s。鉴定和鉴定调节RPE65功能的蛋白质是确定这些机制的关键。通过对牛RPE表达文库的筛选，我们鉴定了RPE65的三个负调控因子。本研究的具体目标1旨在阐明负性调节因子在体外的作用机制，并确定它们在体内视觉周期中的功能作用。作为由调节器确定RPE65抑制机制的一步，我们将首先测试新的调节器是否与RPE65结合。接下来，我们将测试新的调节子是否能与RPE65竞争结合到RPE65的底物上。然后，我们将通过分析缺乏新调节剂的突变小鼠的视觉周期相关表型来确定新调节剂在视觉中的作用。本项目的特定目标2的目的是确定新的调节子是否参与了LCAA RPE65突变的病理机制，并确定了具有非活性位点错义突变的LCAA RPE65致病的分子基础。这项研究具有创新性，因为它可以在调节正常和LCAA RPE65异构酶活性方面建立一个新的研究方向，并可能导致开发一种新的救援策略，以延缓或预防由RPE65基因突变引起的LCA患者的视力丧失和光感受器退化。