HOW DOES ATTENTION ALTER APPEARANCE? PSYCHOPHYSICS AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

注意力如何改变外表?

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8435521
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2011-03-01 至 2013-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Visual perception is not always a veridical representation of our environment. Instead, processing of the visual scene is influenced by the selective allocation of attention. Vision at an attended location is faster, more accurate, and of higher spatial resolution [1-11, for a review see 12]. By improving information processing at attended locations at the cost of unattended locations, attention allows us to make most efficient use of the visual system's limited resources. Recent studies show that attention not only improves performance but also alters the appearance of several basic visual features [13-22]. Some authors have criticized the interpretation of these findings and suggested alternative explanations based on a decisional bias, i.e., people are more likely to select an attended stimulus but do not perceive it differently [23-26]. Although this account has been counter-argued by control experiments [13, 15-21] and empirical replies [14, 27, 28], the issue is still hotly debated. The physiological basis of such an attentional modulation of phenomenological experience is not yet known. Whereas an enhanced neuronal response explains increased performance with attention, it does not necessarily imply a change of appearance. Instead, the appearance of stimulus features has often been associated with the activity of neuronal populations selectively tuned for these features, and misperceptions have been related to shifts in their selectivity [49]. Therefore, a change of appearance should be mediated by shifts in the selectivity of those neuronal populations involved in processing the attended stimulus. The proposed research will be the first to test effects of spatial attention on neuronal population selectivity for basic visual features and will thereby significantly contribute to understanding the mechanisms of spatial attention. Furthermore, it will provide a definitive answer to the question whether attention truly modulates appearance. An adaptation paradigm will be employed in which neuronal populations tuned to specific stimulus features can be selectively targeted in a psychophysical paradigm, so that an interaction of adaptation and attention will reveal if these neurons mediate the attentional effect on appearance. Then, population selectivity will be directly measured with and without attention using adaptation in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm [29]. Speed and spatial frequency were chosen as two respective examples from the dorsal and ventral streams, because attention modulates the appearance of both speed [18, 20] and spatial frequency [15, 30] and because neurons tuned for both speed and spatial frequency exist in early visual cortex [31-38]. Results from both the psychophysical and the fMRI study will provide converging and complementing evidence for how spatial attention changes appearance.
描述(由申请人提供):视觉感知并不总是我们环境的真实表现。相反,视觉场景的处理受到注意力选择性分配的影响。在有人看护的位置上的视觉更快、更准确,并且具有更高的空间分辨率[1-11,综述见12]。通过以无人值守的位置为代价来改善有人值守的位置的信息处理,注意力使我们能够最有效地利用视觉系统的有限资源。最近的研究表明,注意力不仅可以提高表现,还可以改变几个基本视觉特征的外观[13-22]。一些作者批评了对这些发现的解释,并提出了基于决策偏见的替代解释,即,人们更有可能选择一个被关注的刺激,但不会以不同的方式感知它[23-26]。尽管这一解释已经被对照实验[13,15-21]和经验回答[14,27,28]所反驳,但这个问题仍然存在激烈的争论。现象学经验的这种注意调节的生理学基础尚不清楚。虽然增强的神经元反应解释了注意力的提高,但它并不一定意味着外观的改变。相反,刺激特征的出现通常与选择性地调整这些特征的神经元群体的活动有关,并且误解与其选择性的变化有关[49]。因此,外观的变化应介导的变化,在选择性的神经元群体参与处理所关注的刺激。这项研究将首次测试空间注意力对基本视觉特征的神经元群体选择性的影响,从而为理解空间注意力的机制做出重大贡献。此外,它将提供一个明确的答案,是否注意力真正调节外观的问题。一个适应的范例,其中调整到特定的刺激功能的神经元群体可以选择性地在心理物理学的范式为目标,使适应和注意力的相互作用将揭示,如果这些神经元介导的注意力对外观的影响。然后,在功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)范例中使用适应直接测量有和无注意的群体选择性[29]。速度和空间频率分别被选为背侧和腹侧流的两个例子,因为注意力调节速度[18,20]和空间频率[15,30]的出现,并且因为在早期视觉皮层中存在针对速度和空间频率的神经元[31-38]。心理物理学和功能磁共振成像研究的结果将为空间注意力如何改变外观提供汇聚和补充的证据。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Katharina Anton-Erxleben其他文献

Katharina Anton-Erxleben的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Katharina Anton-Erxleben', 18)}}的其他基金

HOW DOES ATTENTION ALTER APPEARANCE? PSYCHOPHYSICS AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
注意力如何改变外表?
  • 批准号:
    8061346
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
HOW DOES ATTENTION ALTER APPEARANCE? PSYCHOPHYSICS AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
注意力如何改变外表?
  • 批准号:
    8265246
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:

相似海外基金

How Does Particle Material Properties Insoluble and Partially Soluble Affect Sensory Perception Of Fat based Products
不溶性和部分可溶的颗粒材料特性如何影响脂肪基产品的感官知觉
  • 批准号:
    BB/Z514391/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Training Grant
BRC-BIO: Establishing Astrangia poculata as a study system to understand how multi-partner symbiotic interactions affect pathogen response in cnidarians
BRC-BIO:建立 Astrangia poculata 作为研究系统,以了解多伙伴共生相互作用如何影响刺胞动物的病原体反应
  • 批准号:
    2312555
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RII Track-4:NSF: From the Ground Up to the Air Above Coastal Dunes: How Groundwater and Evaporation Affect the Mechanism of Wind Erosion
RII Track-4:NSF:从地面到沿海沙丘上方的空气:地下水和蒸发如何影响风蚀机制
  • 批准号:
    2327346
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Graduating in Austerity: Do Welfare Cuts Affect the Career Path of University Students?
紧缩毕业:福利削减会影响大学生的职业道路吗?
  • 批准号:
    ES/Z502595/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
感性個人差指標 Affect-X の構築とビスポークAIサービスの基盤確立
建立个人敏感度指数 Affect-X 并为定制人工智能服务奠定基础
  • 批准号:
    23K24936
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Insecure lives and the policy disconnect: How multiple insecurities affect Levelling Up and what joined-up policy can do to help
不安全的生活和政策脱节:多种不安全因素如何影响升级以及联合政策可以提供哪些帮助
  • 批准号:
    ES/Z000149/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
How does metal binding affect the function of proteins targeted by a devastating pathogen of cereal crops?
金属结合如何影响谷类作物毁灭性病原体靶向的蛋白质的功能?
  • 批准号:
    2901648
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
Investigating how double-negative T cells affect anti-leukemic and GvHD-inducing activities of conventional T cells
研究双阴性 T 细胞如何影响传统 T 细胞的抗白血病和 GvHD 诱导活性
  • 批准号:
    488039
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Operating Grants
New Tendencies of French Film Theory: Representation, Body, Affect
法国电影理论新动向:再现、身体、情感
  • 批准号:
    23K00129
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
The Protruding Void: Mystical Affect in Samuel Beckett's Prose
突出的虚空:塞缪尔·贝克特散文中的神秘影响
  • 批准号:
    2883985
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.18万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了