BAILA: Being Active, Increasing Latinos healthy Aging

描述（由申请人提供）：预计到2050年，拉美裔老年人口将占老年人口的20%。体育活动（PA）可以影响身体和认知功能健康结果的潜在下降，从而导致自我报告的功能限制和残疾。不幸的是，65-74岁的拉美裔人比年龄较大的非拉美裔白人少46%的可能性从事休闲时间的PA，并且对少数民族的PA维护知之甚少。部分由于低水平的PA，老年拉美裔人报告行走困难的可能性是非拉美裔白人的两倍，老年拉美裔人比非拉美裔白人早7年出现阿尔茨海默病症状。参加PA有很大的潜力，可以帮助老年拉丁美洲人在年老时保持身体和认知功能。对于弱势群体来说，舞蹈是一种文化上合适的PA形式，也是一种挑战个人身体和认知的PA形式。到目前为止，为老年拉丁裔设计的私人助理项目还很缺乏。BAILAMOS(c)是一个舞蹈项目，它是根据居住在社区的拉丁裔老年人的意见，并与一位有成就的拉丁舞蹈教练合作开发的。单一组，3个月前的BAILAMOS试验(c)证明了项目的可行性，效应大小表明更大的自我报告参与生活方式PA，以及身体和认知功能的改善。原为期3个月的BAILAMOS(c)舞蹈课程已根据参与者和舞蹈教练的反馈进行了修订。提出了一项随机对照试验（RCT）在久坐，老年拉丁美洲人的残疾风险。参与者将被随机分配到BAILAMOS(c)条件组或健康教育注意对照组。BAILAMOS(c)包含四种舞蹈风格，首先介绍最简单的风格（即Merengue），最后介绍最难的风格（即Salsa），以增强自我效能感。每种风格的教学时间为四周，每周两次，每次一小时（共32节课）。包括小组讨论如何增加生活方式PA。为了在正式项目结束后加强对PA的维护，每个地点将培训2-3名“土著领袖”来教授为期4个月的BAILAMOS舞蹈(c)。对照条件活动包括由伊利诺伊大学推广部的双语/双文化健康教育者以西班牙语授课的健康教育课程。三年内，将在九个地点招募332名年长的拉丁裔人。地点包括老年中心、社区中心和公园。每个站点将招募大约40名个体（20名治疗组，20名对照组）。该临床试验将测试BAILAMOS(c)计划在4个月时对生活方式PA的影响，以及BAILAMOS(c)维持活动在8个月时对生活方式PA维持的影响。将测试4个月时的BAILAMOS(c)计划和8个月时的BAILAMOS(c)维持活动对自我效能感（中介）以及身体功能、认知功能和自我报告的功能限制和残疾的健康结果的影响。长期目标包括预防这一弱势群体的残疾。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older Latinos are expected to constitute 20% of the older adult population by 2050. Physical activity (PA) can influence potential declines in the health outcomes of physical and cognitive function that lead to self- reported functional limitations and disability. Unfortunately, Latinos aged 65-74 are 46% less likely to engage in leisure time PA than older non-Latino whites, and little is known about PA maintenance among ethnic minorities. In part due to low levels of PA, older Latinos are twice as likely to report difficulty walking than non- Latino whites and Alzheimer's disease symptoms begin 7 years earlier in Latinos than in non-Latino whites. Participation in PA has substantial potential to help older Latinos maintain both physical and cognitive function as they age. Dance holds promise as a culturally appropriate form of PA for this disadvantaged population, and is a form of PA that challenges individuals both physically and cognitively. To date, PA programs designed for older Latinos are lacking. BAILAMOS(c) is a dance program that has been developed based on input from older community-dwelling Latinos and in collaboration with an accomplished Latin dance instructor. A single group, pre-post 3-month pilot of BAILAMOS(c) demonstrated substantial program feasibility, and effect sizes indicated greater self-reported participation in lifestyle PA, along with improvements in physical and cognitive function. The original 3-month BAILAMOS(c) dance program has been revised according to participant and dance instructor feedback. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is proposed in sedentary, older Latinos at risk for disability. Participants will be randomized to the BAILAMOS(c) condition or a health education attention control group. BAILAMOS(c) encompasses four dance styles with the simplest style introduced first (i.e., Merengue) and the most difficult style last (i.e., Salsa) to enhance self-efficacy. Each style is taught for four weeks, twice weekly for one hour per class (32 sessions total). Group discussions on how to increase lifestyle PA are included. To enhance maintenance of PA after the formal program, 2-3 "indigenous leaders" from each site will be trained to teach the 4-months of dancing of BAILAMOS(c). Control condition activities consist of health education classes conducted in Spanish by bilingual/bicultural health educators of University of Illinois Extension. A total of 332 older Latinos will be recruited across nine sites over three years. Sites include senior centers, community centers, and parks. Each site will enroll approximately 40 individuals (20 treatment, 20 control). This clinical trial will test the impact of the BAILAMOS(c) program on lifestyle PA at 4 months and BAILAMOS(c) maintenance activities on lifestyle PA maintenance at 8 months. The impact of the BAILAMOS(c) program at 4 months and BAILAMOS(c) maintenance activities at 8 months on self-efficacy (mediators) and on health outcomes of physical function, cognitive function, and self-reported functional limitations and disability will be tested. Long term goals include the prevention of disability among this disadvantaged group.