Understanding the Transition From Low Birth Weight to Insulin Resistance in Chil

了解儿童从低出生体重到胰岛素抵抗的转变

• 批准号: 8551993
• 负责人: Eugene Tull
• 金额: $ 8.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8551993
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescent; Adult; African American; African Caribbean; Age; Barbados; Birth; Caribbean region; Child; Childhood; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Environment; Epidemic; Family history of; Gender; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Health system; High Prevalence; Hormones; Hydrocortisone; Incidence; Instruction; Insulin Resistance; Island; Lead; Life; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Metabolic Diseases; Mothers; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Phase; Physiological Processes; Population; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Services; United States Virgin Islands; Weight Gain; Woman; coping; health disparity; lifestyle factors; prevent; prevention service; programs; racism; social

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): In the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) as on the US mainland, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic levels in children. In the USA the higher prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in African American children is linked to their greater tendency to insulin resistance which cannot be accounted for by conventional risk factors. The incidence of childhood diabetes is reported to be higher in the USVI compared to other eastern Caribbean populations, and this difference does not appear to be related to differences in genetic susceptibility. Preliminary research suggest that use of certain coping styles by Afro-Caribbean women is associated with dysregulation of the hormone Cortisol which is associated with increased risk for low birth weight and subsequent development of insulin resistance in children. However the link between coping styles, low birth weight and insulin resistance in Afro-Caribbean or African American children has not been explored. Preliminary research has also shown that catch-up weight gain among children born low birth weight is associated with insulin resistance in Afro-Caribbean adolescents age 14 to 16. Little is known about how a mother's coping styles might influence lifestyle factors that contribute to catch-up weight gain in Afro-Caribbean or African American Children. The proposed study will examine the relationship of a mother's coping style to dysregulation of the hormone Cortisol, low birth weight, weight gain from birth and insulin resistance in USVI children. Moreover, the study will assess whether relationships between gender, low birth weight, catch-up weight gain, family history of diabetes and insulin resistance that were observed in Afro-Caribbean adolescents extend to children ages 2 to 4.

项目摘要（参见说明）： 在美属维尔京群岛（USVI）和美国大陆一样，儿童糖尿病患病率已达到流行水平。在美国，非洲裔美国儿童 2 型糖尿病的患病率较高，这与他们更容易出现胰岛素抵抗有关，而这不能用传统的危险因素来解释。据报道，与其他东加勒比地区人口相比，美属维尔京群岛儿童糖尿病的发病率较高，而且这种差异似乎与遗传易感性差异无关。 初步研究表明，非洲裔加勒比妇女采用的某些应对方式与皮质醇激素失调有关，而皮质醇又与低出生体重和随后儿童出现胰岛素抵抗的风险增加有关。然而，加勒比非洲裔或非裔美国儿童的应对方式、低出生体重和胰岛素抵抗之间的联系尚未被探索。 初步研究还表明，低出生体重儿童的体重追赶性增加与 14 至 16 岁的非洲裔加勒比青少年的胰岛素抵抗有关。对于母亲的应对方式如何影响导致非洲裔加勒比海或非洲裔美国儿童体重追赶性增加的生活方式因素，我们知之甚少。 拟议的研究将探讨母亲的应对方式与南太平洋地区儿童皮质醇激素失调、低出生体重、出生体重增加和胰岛素抵抗之间的关系。此外，该研究还将评估在非洲裔加勒比青少年中观察到的性别、低出生体重、追赶性体重增加、糖尿病家族史和胰岛素抵抗之间的关系是否会延伸到 2 至 4 岁的儿童。