Speech Patterns and Racial Labor Market Inequality

描述(由申请人提供)：语言学家已经记录了标准美国英语(SAE)和非裔美国人英语(AAE)之间的许多差异，AAE是许多非裔美国人说的一种方言。社会心理学家已经表明，AAE的言语模式会影响听者对说话人的态度。社会学家已经表明，房东不太可能把公寓展示给说话带有明显非裔美国人特征的潜在租客。然而，经济学家还没有分析言论和种族劳动力市场不平等之间的联系，尽管有充分的理论理由预计会有这样的联系。一个主要的障碍是缺乏将语音与劳动力市场行为联系起来的数据。这个应用程序试图解决这个问题。它的目标是转录和编码来自1997年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY97)队列受访者的音频语音样本；将这些音频样本的定性和定量测量添加到NLSY97公共使用文件中；分析这些数据；并使用它们来测试种族劳动力市场不平等的替代解释。劳动力市场不平等是更广泛的种族不平等问题的一个方面，它表现为教育、健康和儿童福祉等方面的种族差异。此外，言语模式的差异是一个重要的发育因素，因为言语的许多方面在很大程度上取决于说话者进入青春期的时间。我们计划产生的语音数据将是任何主要社会科学数据集都可以获得的语音模式的第一个量化测量。我们建议进行的分析将提供对言论、种族和劳动力市场之间联系的更深层次的洞察，而不是从我们初步工作可用的小样本中获得的分析。通过将公共使用的演讲指标添加到NLSY97中，其中包括受访者教育、健康和其他社会经济福祉指标，该项目将使未来的研究人员能够分析演讲在种族不平等的多个维度中所起的作用。 与公共健康相关：最近的研究表明，讲话中的种族差异可能会调解劳动力市场的种族不平等。劳动力市场不平等是更广泛的种族不平等问题的一个方面，它表现为教育、健康和儿童福祉等方面的种族差异。拟议中的项目将在一项具有全国代表性的针对年轻人的大型调查中增加言语的定量和定性衡量标准，这反过来又将使研究人员能够分析言论与种族不平等之间的联系，不仅是在劳动力市场，而且在健康和社会经济福祉的许多其他方面。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Linguists have documented many differences between Standard American English (SAE) and African American English (AAE), a dialect spoken by many African Americans. Social psychologists have shown that AAE speech patterns influence listeners' attitudes toward the speaker. Sociologists have shown that landlords are less likely to show apartments to prospective renters whose speech exhibits distinctively African American features. Economists, however, have yet to analyze the link between speech and racial labor market inequality, despite ample theoretical reasons to expect one. A major barrier is a lack of data connecting speech to labor market behavior. This application seeks to remedy that problem. Its goals are to transcribe and code audio speech samples taken from respondents to the 1997 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97); to add qualitative and quantitative measures of those audio samples to NLSY97 public use files; to analyze those data; and to use them to test alternative explanations of racial labor market inequality. Labor market inequality is one dimension of the broader problem of racial inequality, which manifests itself in the form of racial differences in education, health, and child well-being, among others. Furthermore, differences in speech patterns have an important developmental component, since many aspects of speech are largely determined by the time the speaker reaches puberty. The speech data which we propose to produce would be the first quantitative measures of speech patterns to be available with any major social science data set. The analyses we propose to conduct would provide much deeper insights into the links between speech, race, and the labor market than those from the small sample that was available for our preliminary work. By adding public-use speech measures to the NLSY97, which includes measures of respondent education, health, and other measures of socioeconomic well-being, the project will enable future researchers to analyze the role that speech plays across numerous dimensions of racial inequality. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Recent research suggests that racial differences in speech may mediate racial labor market inequality. Labor market inequality is one dimension of the broader problem of racial inequality, which manifests itself in the form of racial differences in education, health, and child well-being, among others. The proposed project will add quantitative and qualitative measures of speech to a large, nationally representative survey of young adults, which in turn will permit researchers to analyze the links between speech and racial inequality not only in the labor market, but also in health and numerous other aspects of socioeconomic well-being.