Labor Migration and Multilevel HIV Prevention

描述(由申请者提供)：该职业生涯中期研究人员奖旨在支持伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校精神病学教授Stevan Weine医学博士的持续研究发展和指导活动。在过去的15年里，韦恩博士表现出了对以患者为导向的研究和指导新研究人员的坚定承诺。他是一名精神病学家，也是创伤、移民和受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的家庭的知名研究员，自1998年以来一直得到联邦政府的资助，担任首席调查员。他的总体研究任务是针对移民和难民生活的复杂现实环境，制定、实施和评估可行、可接受和有效的心理社会干预措施。这项建议的目标包括：1)培训和指导学生、实习生和初级教师进行以患者为导向的研究，特别是多层次的艾滋病毒预防以及难民和移民研究；2)接受高级研究人员的咨询，内容涉及预防干预发展中的混合方法，与家庭和社区的研究合作，以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病和移民研究中的伦理；3)扩大研究活动，以建立为劳工移民制定和评估多层次艾滋病毒预防干预措施所需的干预内容和方法。指导计划包括个人指导、被指导者直接咨询高级导师、正式课程和研讨会、关于研究道德的培训以及被指导者直接参与研究项目。在塔吉克斯坦和俄罗斯正在进行的一项由NICHD资助的为期五年的研究(5R01MH076118-02)的基础上，有三项拟议的研究，该研究调查男子气概的社会、文化和心理结构及其对艾滋病毒风险和预防的影响。研究1使用混合方法来建立针对劳工移民的多层次干预的证据基础。研究2通过社区-研究人员合作，为塔吉克劳工移民设计了多层次的艾滋病毒预防干预措施。研究3引导多水平干预的组成部分，检查参与、保留、结果和中介，并估计未来大规模R01调查的参数。 公共卫生相关性：劳动力迁移在全球影响数十亿人，增加了家庭负担和不稳定，改变了社会格局，并与艾滋病毒危险行为的增加有关。在艾滋病发病率世界最高的俄罗斯和中亚，发送国和接收国的情况都对艾滋病毒预防构成了严重障碍。由于塔吉克斯坦受劳动力迁移的影响很大，而且是世界上最贫穷的国家之一，它面临着艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的巨大风险。要为受移徙影响的人口建立艾滋病毒预防服务，就需要了解如何在劳动力移徙的复杂情况下进行干预。这项为期五年的K24计划包括指导、研究和培训咨询，旨在改善为劳工移民及其家人提供的艾滋病毒预防服务。这项研究利用社会科学和行为方法，为塔吉克斯坦和俄罗斯受移民影响的人制定和部分试行了多层次艾滋病毒预防干预措施。这项职业生涯中期研究人员奖有三项研究。这些研究旨在建立制定和评估针对劳工移民的多层次干预措施所需的干预内容和方法。它们还为指导初级调查人员提供了基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mid-Career Investigator Award is designed to support the continued research development and mentoring activities of Stevan Weine MD, Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Over the past 15 years, Dr. Weine has demonstrated a strong commitment to patient-oriented research and mentoring new investigators. He is a psychiatrist and an established researcher in trauma, migration, and HIV/AIDS impacted families, with continuous federal funding as Principal Investigator since 1998. His overall research mission is to develop, implement, and evaluate psychosocial interventions that are feasible, acceptable, and effective with respect to the complex real-life contexts where migrants and refugees live. Goals for this proposal include: 1) training and mentoring students, trainees, and junior faculty in patient-oriented research generally, and multilevel HIV prevention and refugee and migrant research specifically; 2) receiving consultation from senior researchers regarding mixed methods in preventive intervention development, research collaborations with families and communities, and ethics in HIV/AIDS and migration research; 3) expanding research activities so as to build the intervention content and methodology needed to develop and evaluate multilevel HIV preventive interventions for labor migrants. The mentoring plan incorporates individual mentoring, mentees direct consultation from the senior mentors, formal courses and seminars, training regarding research ethics, and mentees' direct involvement in a research project. There are three proposed studies that build off an ongoing five year NICHD funded study (5R01MH076118-02) being conducted in Tajikistan and Russia that investigates the social, cultural, and psychological constructions of masculinity and their impact on HIV risk and prevention. Study 1 uses mixed methods to build an evidence base for developing multilevel interventions with labor migrants. Study 2 designs a multilevel HIV preventive intervention for Tajik labor migrants through a community-researcher collaborative. Study 3 pilots components of the multilevel intervention, examines engagement, retention, outcomes, and mediators, and estimates parameters for a future large scale R01 investigation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Impacting billions globally, labor migration adds to family burdens and instability, changes the social landscape, and is associated with increased HIV risk behaviors. In Russia and Central Asia, where AIDS rates are amongst the world's highest, conditions in both sending and receiving countries pose serious obstacles to HIV prevention. Because Tajikistan is so highly impacted by labor migration and is one of the world's poorest countries, it is at substantial risk for an HIV/AIDS epidemic. To build HIV prevention services for migration- impacted populations calls for understanding how to intervene amongst the complex circumstances of labor migration. This five-year K24 program of mentoring, research, and training consultation is designed to improve HIV preventive services for labor migrants and their families. The research draws upon social science and behavioral methods to develop and partially pilot a multilevel HIV preventive intervention for migration- impacted persons in Tajikistan and Russia. There are three studies for this Midcareer Investigator Award. These studies are designed to build the intervention content and methodology needed to develop and evaluate multilevel interventions for labor migrants. They also provide the basis for mentoring junior investigators.