Computer-aided analysis of mechanisms matching ventilation and perfusion in rats

大鼠通气和灌注匹配机制的计算机辅助分析

• 批准号: 8280373
• 负责人: Reinhard R. Beichel
• 金额: $ 19.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8280373
• 关键词: Acute Lung Injury; Algorithms; Anatomy; Animals; Area; Blood; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Breathing; Breeding; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Caliber; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Complex; Computational algorithm; Computer Assisted; Critical Illness; Data; Deposition; Environmental air flow; Fractals; Funding; Future; Gases; Genetic Determinism; Genetic Structures; Goals; Histologic; Human; Hypoxemia; Hypoxia; Image; Image Analysis; Inbred Strains Mice; Individual; Investigation; Knockout Mice; Knowledge; Life; Liquid substance; Lung; Lung diseases; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Metric; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mus; Patient Care; Patients; Perfusion; Physiology; Pneumonia; Property; Pulmonary Emphysema; Pulmonary Hypertension; Pulmonary Ventilation; Pulmonary artery structure; Pulmonary veins; Rattus; Regional Blood Flow; Regional Perfusion; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Statistical Methods; Structure; System; Testing; Toxicology; Toxin; Trachea; Trees; Work; base; cardiovascular risk factor; design; effective therapy; imaging modality; insight; interest; lung basal segment; novel; particle; tool; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this research is to explore a new mechanism responsible for efficient gas exchange in the lungs. Efficient gas exchange can only occur if regional ventilation and blood flow are closely matched. Our current understanding of these basic mechanisms is inadequate to understand and develop more effective treatments for lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, acute lung in- jury, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In this project, we will utilize cryomicrotome imaging of rat lungs, which provides high-resolution information about lung anatomy and maps of regional ventilation and perfusion, to test our hypothesis that regional perfusion and ventilation are tightly matched through the shared geometries of the airway and vascular trees. The highly-automated computer-aided segmentation methods to be developed in this project will provide the ability to extract and segment the complex airway and pulmonary artery and vein trees from cryomicrotome imaging data of rat lungs. This will allow us a) to compare the conductances of paired airway and vascular segments to determine if they are similar and b) correlate the predicted terminal ventilation and blood flows based on geometric tree properties with those measured via the cryomicrotome images. Our investigations will provide new insights and a mechanistic understanding of how ventilation and perfusion are matched within the complex and interwoven distributions systems of the lung. In the long-term we expect that the gained knowledge, as well as the developed novel computer-aided analysis methods, will enable us to better understand and treat lung diseases like emphysema and pulmonary hypertension where the airway and vascular trees become dissociated and inefficient gas exchange creates significant morbidity and can be life-threatening.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的主要目标是探索负责肺部有效气体交换的新机制。只有当局部通气和血流紧密匹配时，才能发生有效的气体交换。我们目前对这些基本机制的理解不足以理解和开发更有效的肺部疾病治疗方法，如慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）、肺气肿、急性肺损伤或支气管肺发育不良。在这个项目中，我们将利用大鼠肺的冷冻切片机成像，它提供了高分辨率的肺解剖信息和局部通气和灌注的地图，以测试我们的假设，即局部灌注和通气通过气道和血管树的共享几何形状紧密匹配。本项目中开发的高度自动化的计算机辅助分割方法将提供从大鼠肺的冷冻切片机成像数据中提取和分割复杂气道和肺动脉和静脉树的能力。这将允许我们a）比较成对的气道和血管段的传导率，以确定它们是否相似，以及B）将基于几何树特性的预测的终末通气和血流与通过冷冻切片机图像测量的那些相关联。我们的研究将提供新的见解和机械的理解，通气和灌注是如何匹配的复杂和交织的分布系统的肺。从长远来看，我们期望所获得的知识以及开发的新型计算机辅助分析方法将使我们能够更好地理解和治疗肺气肿和肺动脉高压等肺部疾病，其中气道和血管树分离，无效的气体交换造成严重的发病率，并可能危及生命。