Predictors of Social Dysfunction in Adolescents at Risk for Schizophrenia

有精神分裂症风险的青少年社会功能障碍的预测因素

• 批准号: 8634874
• 负责人: LESLIE E HORTON
• 金额: $ 15.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8634874
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; Affective; Age; Autonomic Dysfunction; Award; Behavioral; Benign; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Early Intervention; Early identification; Emotional; Emotions; Exposure to; Face; First Degree Relative; Functional disorder; Funding; Future; Goals; Heart Rate; Individual; Intervention; Label; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurobiology; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Population Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Psychotic Disorders; Qualifying; Questionnaires; Recovery; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Risk; Risk Marker; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Silk; Social Functioning; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Training; Trier Social Stress Test; Walkers; Work; acute stress; base; behavior measurement; biological adaptation to stress; contextual factors; design; expectation; experience; functional disability; heart rate variability; high risk; improved; indexing; neural circuit; prevent; public health relevance; response; social; social cognition; trait

PROJECT ABSTRACT The goal of this research is to study the role of facial affect recognition deficits and social threat sensitivity in a sample of adolescent (ages 14-17) first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia (HR-SZ) in order to better understand social dysfunction and sub-threshold symptoms of psychosis. 40-75% of HR-SZ adolescents qualify for a major mental health diagnosis and 4-22% will eventually develop a psychotic disorder. Social dysfunction is a key marker for predicting which HR-SZ people will develop schizophrenia; however, little is known about specific pathways to dysfunction during late adolescence. Facial affect recognition deficits, difficulty decoding facial emotions in others, are present in HR-SZ people and predict psychosis and social dysfunction. Sensitivity to social threat may also be an important marker of psychosis risk and predictor of social dysfunction, as preliminary evidence suggests that HR-SZ adolescents report greater sensitivity to threat in daily life and have a "hypersensitive" pattern of cardiac autonomic responding characterized by slower return to baseline heart rate variability pattern after exposure to threats. The proposed study will examine whether excessive sensitivity to social threat (assessed through cardiac psychophysiology) and facial affect recognition deficits predispose HR-SZ adolescents to a pattern of increasing symptoms and social dysfunction compared to controls over three time points: baseline, 6 months later, and 1 year later. Sensitivity to social threat and facial affect recognition deficits are characteristic of those with schizophrenia and their relatives but not specific to them; these domains have been identified as NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDocs), and thus the proposed research should have relevance to the study of psychopathology across diagnostic boundaries. The proposed study would also provide the first-known use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine social dysfunction and sub-threshold symptoms of psychosis in daily life for HR-SZ adolescents. Starting the second year of the proposed funding period, EMA methods will be combined with ambulatory heart rate variability to examine how daily life measures of autonomic functioning relate to baseline laboratory-assessed sensitivity to social threat and behavioral EMA responses. To appropriately evaluate her research questions, the candidate will receive training in social and neurobiological aspects of typical and prodromal adolescent development, longitudinal study design and data analysis, and assessing psychophysiological response to threat with laboratory and ambulatory cardiovascular responding. Her mentorship team has extensive experience in developmental psychopathology (Dr. Silk), developmental processes contributing to risk for schizophrenia (Drs. Haas and Walker), advanced longitudinal data analysis (Dr. Molenaar), and heart rate variability assessment (Dr. Jennings). By investigating cognitive and affective underpinnings of social dysfunction and symptoms in HR-SZ adolescents, the proposed award should provide useful targets for future research seeking to improve early identification and interventions to prevent psychotic disorders and other psychopathology.

项目摘要 本研究的目的是研究面部情感识别缺陷和社会威胁敏感性在一个 样本的青少年（年龄14-17）的一级亲属的人与精神分裂症（HR-SZ），以更好地 了解社会功能障碍和精神病的阈下症状。40-75%的HR-SZ青少年符合条件 4-22%的人最终会发展成精神障碍。社会功能障碍 是预测HR-SZ患者将发展为精神分裂症的关键标志物;然而， 导致青春期后期功能障碍的特定途径。面部情感识别缺陷，解码困难 其他人的面部情绪，存在于HR-SZ人中，并预测精神病和社会功能障碍。灵敏度 社会威胁也可能是精神病风险的重要标志和社会功能障碍的预测因子， 初步证据表明，HR-SZ青少年在日常生活中对威胁更敏感， 心脏自主反应的“超敏”模式，特征为缓慢恢复至基线心脏 暴露于威胁后的心率变异性模式。这项拟议中的研究将研究过度敏感是否 社会威胁（通过心脏心理生理学评估）和面部情感识别缺陷倾向于 与对照组相比，HR-SZ青少年的症状和社会功能障碍增加了三个以上 时间点：基线、6个月后和1年后。对社会威胁的敏感性和面部情感识别 缺陷是精神分裂症患者及其亲属的特征，但不是他们特有的;这些 领域已被确定为NIMH研究领域标准（RIMH），因此，拟议的研究 应该与精神病理学的研究有关联。拟定研究 还将提供生态瞬时评估（EMA）的首次使用，以检查社会 HR-SZ青少年日常生活中的精神障碍和阈下症状。启动第二 在建议的资助期内，EMA方法将与动态心率变异性相结合， 检查自主功能的日常生活测量与基线实验室评估的敏感性之间的关系， 社会威胁和行为EMA反应。为了恰当地评估她的研究问题，候选人 将接受典型和前驱青少年发展的社会和神经生物学方面的培训， 纵向研究设计和数据分析，并评估心理生理反应的威胁， 实验室和动态心血管反应。她的导师团队拥有丰富的经验， 发育性精神病理学（Silk博士），发育过程导致精神分裂症风险 (Drs.哈斯和步行者）、高级纵向数据分析（Molenaar博士）和心率变异性 詹宁斯博士（Dr. Jennings）通过调查社会功能障碍的认知和情感基础， 症状的HR-SZ青少年，拟议的奖项应提供有用的目标，为未来的研究寻求 改善早期识别和干预，以预防精神障碍和其他精神病理学。