Chemosensory pathways in food intake

食物摄入中的化学感应途径

• 批准号: 8636331
• 负责人: TIMOTHY A. GILBERTSON
• 金额: $ 21.15万
• 依托单位: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-06 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636331
• 关键词: 1,2-diacylglycerol; Animals; Binding; Blood; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weights and Measures; Body fat; CD36 gene; Calcium; Carbohydrates; Cells; Chemicals; Cholecystokinin; Cholesterol; Cues; Data; Diet; Dietary Fats; Diglycerides; Disease; Eating; Enteroendocrine Cell; Epidemic; Event; Exercise; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Fat Body; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; Gallbladder; Gender; Generations; Goals; Incidence; Indium; Inositol; Intake; Intubation; Knock-out; Lead; Link; Liquid substance; Liver; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measures; Metric; Modeling; Mus; Neuraxis; Nutrient; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Phospholipase; Physiological Processes; Play; Production; Receptor Cell; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Role; Series; Serum; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Site; Solid; Specificity; Stimulus; Taste Perception; Testing; Time; Triglycerides; Weight; Wild Type Mouse; Work; absorption; base; bile salts; design; detection of nutrient; dietary control; fatty acid-binding proteins; feeding; follow-up; gastrointestinal system; interest; male; novel; preference; programs; public health relevance; receptor; research study; response; somatosensory; therapy design

The incidence of obesity worldwide continues to escalate with the spread of the Western diet and with it there has been a corresponding increase in numerous obesity-related disorders. Of all the causes for obesity, the predominant one seems to be choice - the choice to eat more and exercise less. One of the choices that has been linked with obesity has been the selection of a high fat, calorically dense diet. Recent research has shown that fatty acids are the prototypical fat stimulus in the gustatory, digestive, somatosensory and central nervous systems. This proposal seeks to follow up on interesting observations that show in mice deletions in important elements in the fatty acid signaling pathway lead to decreases in fat intake and concomitant reductions in body weight and body fat. In this two year exploratory proposal we will attempt to discern (1) the effect specific fatty acid signaling components have on dietary fat intake and body composition; (2) whether pre- or post-ingestive signaling contributes to the control of fat intake and (3) the nutrient specificity of any changes in food intake associated with aberrant fatty acid signaling. Understanding the role of chemosensory signals in the control of nutrient intake is poorly understood and the finding that alterations in a specific chemosensory pathways alters dietary fat intake remains highly novel and potentially important for the control of dietary-induced obesity.

随着西方饮食的传播，全球肥胖症的发病率继续上升， 与肥胖相关的疾病也相应增加。在所有导致肥胖的原因中， 一个主要的选择似乎是选择--多吃少运动的选择。 与肥胖有关的是选择高脂肪、高热量的饮食。最近的研究 表明脂肪酸是味觉、消化、躯体感觉和中枢神经系统中典型的脂肪刺激物 神经系统这项提议旨在跟踪有趣的观察结果，这些观察结果显示小鼠中的 脂肪酸信号通路中的重要元素导致脂肪摄入减少， 减少体重和体脂。在这个为期两年的探索性建议中，我们将试图辨别（1） 特定脂肪酸信号成分对膳食脂肪摄入和身体组成的影响;（2）是否 摄食前或摄食后的信号传导有助于控制脂肪摄入，以及（3）任何食物的营养特异性， 与异常脂肪酸信号相关的食物摄入量变化。了解化学感受器的作用 控制营养摄入的信号知之甚少， 化学感受途径改变膳食脂肪摄入仍然是非常新颖的，对控制 饮食引起的肥胖。