Detect and Interrupt Alcohol Impaired Driving with a New 3D Camera System

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，酒精损害驾驶每年导致超过10，000起交通死亡事故。减少酒精损害驾驶的一个直接方法是识别并立即检查那些驾驶行为受损的车辆。已经开发了各种酒精受损驾驶检测技术，包括点火互锁和车载系统以测量车辆横向偏差;然而，所有这些现有的酒精受损驾驶检测技术都依赖于安装在车辆中的特殊设备，并且目前在道路上的大多数车辆不包括这些设备。此外，这些技术中很少有系统地将车辆运动信号与警察在检测酒精受损驾驶方面的知识和经验相结合。目的：为了解决这一问题，在检测酒精受损的驾驶，目前的工作设计和测试一种新的智能3D摄像头为基础的酒精受损的驾驶检测和中断系统。这个新系统将把经验丰富的警察人员自上而下的知识与自下而上的车辆运动数据和其他可见信息以及历史事故数据和一天中的时间和星期几的信息结合起来。它将被设计成自动识别酒精受损驾驶，而不依赖于车辆中的任何特殊设备，并向附近的警察汽车发送无线警报，立即检查问题车辆。方法和目的：目的1是收集有关酒精受损和正常驾驶情况下车辆运动的数据，以及有经验的警察在识别酒精受损驾驶方面的经验和知识。它包括三个子研究：一项实验性驾驶模拟器研究（60名参与者）、实地研究（30名参与者）和一项访谈研究（30名经验丰富的警官）。目标2采用系统设计方法设计和开发该系统，系统的算法将基于目标1的三个子研究获得的数据进行训练。该系统开发完成后，将在当地警察的协助下安装、改进并在真实的道路上进行实地测试（目标3）。影响：预计这一新系统将改变 用于检测酒精受损驾驶的传统外部方法（即，主观观察 从使用自动检测系统（警察的）到自动检测，从而增加了被检查的问题车辆的数量，并最终减少了因酗酒驾驶造成的死亡。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol-impaired driving contributes to more than 10,000 traffic fatalities every year in the United States. A direct way to reduce alcohol-impaired driving is to identify and immediately check those vehicles in which driving behavior is impaired. Various alcohol-impaired driving detection techniques have been developed including ignition interlock and in-vehicle systems to measure vehicle lateral deviations; however, all these existing alcohol-impaired driving detection techniques rely on special devices installed in a vehicle and most vehicles currently on the road do not include these devices. Moreover, few of these techniques systematically integrate vehicle motion signals with the knowledge and experience of police officers in detecting alcohol-impaired driving. Objective: To address this problem in the detection of alcohol-impaired driving, the current work designs and tests a novel intelligent 3D camera-based alcohol-impaired driving detection and interruption system. This new system will integrate top-down knowledge of experienced police officers with bottom-up data of vehicle motion and other visible information as well as historical accident data and information of time of day and day of week. It will be designed to automatically identify alcohol-impaired driving without relying on any special device in a vehicle and send wireless alerts to police cars nearby to check the problem vehicle immediately. Methods and Aims: Aim 1 is to collect data on vehicle motion in both alcohol-impaired and normal driving situations as well as the experience and knowledge of experienced police officers in identifying alcohol-impaired driving. It includes three sub-studies: an experimental driving simulator study (60 participants), field study (30 participants), and an interview study (30 experienced police officers). Aim 2 adopts system design approaches to design and develop this system, and the algorithms of the system will be trained based on the data obtained from the three sub-studies of Aim 1. After the system is developed, it will be installed, improved and field tested on real roads with the assistance of local police (Aim 3). Impacts: It is anticipated that this new system will change the traditional external method for detection of alcohol-impaired driving (i.e., subjective observation of police officers) to automatic detection, thereby increasing the number of problem vehicles being checked, and eventually decreasing fatalities caused by alcohol-impaired driving.