Parenting Under the Influence: Fathers, Maternal Gatekeeping and Child Outcomes

描述（由申请人提供）：家庭是儿童社会情感发展的重要背景。利用正在进行的家庭生活项目（NIH/NICHD 1 P01 HD 039667-01A1）的调查和观察数据，拟议的研究将检查父母大量饮酒与儿童行为障碍的暴力行为之间的关系，确定父亲的危险行为是否与母亲的把关行为增加有关，以及母亲的把关行为是否为儿童提供了保护缓冲。这项研究直接解决了我们对高风险环境中家庭制度的理解差距。拟议培训计划的主要目标是通过检查家庭所处的关系网络，使调查人员能够在高风险环境中发展家庭过程方面的专门知识。本研究使用来自家庭生活项目的数据，这是一项对生活在非城市地区的经济弱势家庭的家庭过程进行的纵向、多方法、基于人口的研究。初步分析将包括检查所有研究变量之间的相互关系。验证性因子分析将用于构建用于进一步分析的所有潜在变量。本研究将采用结构方程模型（SEM）进行估计，其中父亲在24个月时饮酒与父亲的暴力行为将被用于确定父亲饮酒与暴力行为以及母亲在一年级时守门之间的关系。我们还将估计一个SEM模型，其中父亲的酒精使用和暴力行为将被用来预测58个月时父亲的养育行为和孩子一年级时的儿童行为障碍，以及母亲把关在这些关联中的调节作用。父亲的危险行为可能影响儿童发育的直接和间接途径都将被研究。拟议的培训计划旨在为研究员提供必要的技能，以建立一个研究方案，以便对这些联系进行更深入的纵向审查，以便模拟父亲饮酒和暴力行为的模式与儿童行为问题的发展之间的关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Families represent a significant context for children's socioemotional development. Using survey and observational data from the ongoing Family Life Project (NIH/NICHD 1 P01 HD 039667-01A1), the proposed study will examine the associations between parent's heavy alcohol use and violent behaviors on child conduct disorders, determine whether father's risky behaviors are associated with increased gatekeeping behaviors by mothers and whether maternal gatekeeping provides a protective buffer for children. The study directly addresses gaps in our understanding of family systems in high risk environments. The primary goal of the proposed training plan is to allow the investigator to develop expertise in family processes within high risk environments by examining the network of relationships in which a family is embedded. This study uses data from the Family Life Project, a longitudinal, multi-method, population-based study of family processes among economically disadvantaged families living in nonurban areas. Preliminary analyses will include examining intercorrelations between all study variables. Confirmatory factor analyses will be used to construct all latent variables used in further analyses. Structural equation models (SEM) will be estimated, in which paternal alcohol use at 24 months and father's violent behavior will be used to determine the associations between fathers' alcohol use and violent behaviors and maternal gatekeeping at first grade. An SEM model will also be estimated, in which father's fathers' alcohol use and violent behavior will be used to predict both paternal parenting behaviors at 58 months and child conduct disorders when the child is in first grade and the moderating role of maternal gatekeeping plays in these associations. Both the direct and indirect pathways by which fathers' risky behavior may influence child development will be examined. The proposed training plan is designed to provide the fellow with the skills necessary to build a program of research that will allow for closer examination of these associations longitudinally in order to model the relations between the pattern of fathers' alcohol use and violent behavior over time and the development of child conduct problems.