Childhood Maltreatment and the Transition to Parenting: A Psychobiological Model

童年虐待和向养育子女的过渡：心理生物学模型

• 批准号: 10019404
• 负责人: Bharathi J. Zvara
• 金额: $ 11.56万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-10 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10019404
• 关键词: Address; Adrenal Glands; Adrenergic Agents; Adult; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Biological Markers; Birth; Blood Pressure; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Rearing; Childhood; Circadian Rhythms; Code; Collection; Corticotropin; Data; Development; Early Intervention; Epidemiology; Epinephrine; Explosion; Funding; Generations; Goals; Grant; Heart Rate; Home environment; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Infant; Infant Care; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Long-Term Effects; Maternal Behavior; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mentors; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Mothers; Nervous System Physiology; Neurosecretory Systems; Norepinephrine; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Plasma; Play; Postpartum Period; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Psychological Stress; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Secure; Sexual abuse; Sleep disturbances; Social isolation; Standardization; Stress; Stress Tests; Survivors; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Testing; Time; Training; Trier Social Stress Test; Woman; Writing; adverse outcome; anxiety symptoms; anxious; biobehavior; biological adaptation to stress; biopsychosocial; caregiving; depressive symptoms; emotional abuse; evidence base; experience; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; infancy; instrument; interest; intergenerational; knowledge base; lens; maltreatment; maternal stress; mood symptom; negative affect; parental role; physical abuse; psychobiologic; psychosocial; recruit; response; skills; social stress; stem; stress reactivity; stress reduction; stressor; symptomatology; transmission process

Project Summary/Abstract The past three decades have witnessed an explosion of interest in the long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment (CM) and its association with the socioemotional adjustment of survivors and their children. Prior research links CM history with numerous domains of adult interpersonal functioning, including increased risk for depression, anxiety, and problems in the parental role. Despite the growing interest reflected in the literature, there is still much we do not know or understand about the mechanisms by which CM may be related to depression, anxiety, and parenting difficulties among women with abuse histories, nor the physiological pathways that may underpin these associations. The proposed study aims to identify the biological mechanisms by which CM may be related to increased vulnerability to mood disorders, such as depression, as well as less sensitive and more intrusive parenting behaviors for women with abuse histories. We will recruit seventy first time mothers and their 6-month old infants, half with self-reported maltreatment history and half without. Mothers will participate in laboratory assessments to characterize their physiologic stress response phenotype using a standardized social stress test to elicit hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reactivity. Additionally, a ten minute parent-child free play interaction in the home will be video-recorded and coded for sensitive and intrusive parenting behavior. Given the pervasive effects of CM across multiple domains of functioning, this study will make a significant contribution to the literature by identifying salient intermediate psychobiological variables that mediate the relationship between CM and adult well-being and parenting behavior. My training plan has been crafted to provide me with the essential components to successfully implement this study and prepare me to be an independent investigator and to build a research portfolio that will incorporate stress biomarkers to the study of parenting behaviors of mothers with maltreatment histories. The first is to develop a knowledge base of the stress-responsive neuroendocrine axes (HPA and SNS) in order to investigate their dysregulation in women with a history of CM. The second goal is to expand my knowledge of the epidemiology and sequela of CM to better understand how maltreatment may impact the wellbeing of multiple generations. The third goal is to develop the skills, expertise, and training that will facilitate my successful transition from a mentored investigator into a fully independent research scientist capable of securing R01 funding. The training articulated in this proposal including the timing, collection and analyses of stress-induced neuroendocrine data, gaining proficiency in mediational analysis using biomarker data, and grant writing, will provide the skills to conduct high impact research identifying critical points of early intervention and, thus, improve prevention efforts aimed at reducing the lifelong burden of CM.

项目摘要/摘要 在过去的三十年中，对童年的长期后果产生了兴趣爆炸 虐待（CM）及其与幸存者及其子女的社会情感调整的关联。事先的 研究将CM历史与许多成人际交往功能的领域联系起来，包括增加风险 抑郁，焦虑和父母角色的问题。尽管越来越兴趣反映在 文学，我们仍然不知道或不了解CM可能相关的机制 抑郁，焦虑和育儿困难，有虐待病史，也没有生理 可能支持这些关联的途径。拟议的研究旨在确定生物学 CM可能与增加情绪障碍（例如抑郁症）相关的机制 对于拥有虐待历史的女性，敏感性和侵入性育儿行为也不太敏感和侵入性。我们将招募 七十个第一次母亲及其6个月的婴儿，一半有自我报告的虐待病史，一半 没有。母亲将参加实验室评估以表征其生理压力反应 使用标准化社会压力测试的表型引起下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）和 交感神经系统（SNS）反应性。此外，十分钟的亲子免费玩耍互动 家庭将进行视频录制，并为敏感和侵入性的育儿行为进行编码。鉴于无处不在 CM跨多个功能领域的影响，这项研究将对该研究做出重大贡献 通过识别介导的显着中间心理生物学变量来介导的文献来介导 CM和成人的福祉和育儿行为。 我的培训计划是为了为我提供成功实施的重要组成部分而制定的 研究并为我做好准备，成为一名独立研究者，并建立一个研究组合，将结合起来 压力生物标志物研究虐待历史的母亲的育儿行为。首先是 建立应力反应性神经内分泌轴（HPA和SNS）的知识基础 研究患有CM史的女性的失调。第二个目标是扩大我对 CM的流行病学和后遗症更好地了解虐待如何影响 多代。第三个目标是发展技能，专业知识和培训，以促进我 从指导的研究者成功过渡到完全独立的研究科学家，能够 获得R01资金。该提案中阐明的培训，包括时间安排，收集和分析 压力诱导的神经内分泌数据，使用生物标志物数据获得介导分析的熟练程度，并且 赠款写作将提供技能，以进行高影响研究，以确定早期的关键点 干预措施，因此改善了旨在减轻CM终身负担的预防努力。