An ERP Study of Number Processing and Error Detection in FAS and ADHD

FAS 和 ADHD 数字处理和错误检测的 ERP 研究

• 批准号: 8682283
• 负责人: ANDREA BERGER
• 金额: $ 21.36万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-10 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8682283
• 关键词: 10 year old; 15 year old; Achievement; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anterior; Area; Arithmetic; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Brain; Child; Cognition; Cognitive deficits; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Differential Diagnosis; Disease; Etiology; Event-Related Potentials; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Functional disorder; Hyperactive behavior; Impairment; Incidence; Inferior; Laboratories; Lead; Mathematics; Mediating; Monitor; Neurocognitive; Parents; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Pharmacologic Substance; Pregnancy; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Site; South Africa; Specificity; System; Testing; Universities; abstracting; alcohol exposure; base; brain volume; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; cohort; computerized; cost effective; design; executive function; fetal; gray matter; improved; innovation; mathematical ability; mathematical theory; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; novel; prospective; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; selective attention; teacher; tool; white matter

ABSTRACT Research on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hampered by a lack of specificity in behavioral diagnostic criteria and limited understanding of the neural substrates that mediate the observed cognitive deficits. Phenotypically similar deficits seen in these disorders are difficult to distinguish despite different etiologies. Neurobehavioral data from PI Jacobson's laboratory suggest that fetal alcohol-related impairment in arithmetic is mediated by a deficit in the core quantity system involving the ability to mentally represent and manipulate number (numerosity), whereas in ADHD, poor arithmetic appears to be mediated by impaired executive function. PI Berger has developed innovative paradigms using event-related potentials (ERP) to examine the neural bases of arithmetic and attention, which make it possible to identify discrete components underlying number processing, including magnitude representation, error detection, selective attention, and response inhibition. We propose to conduct the first ERP study to compare number processing in children with and without FASD and/or ADHD to advance understanding of the neural substrates that are compromised in each of these disorders, thereby potentially improving differential diagnosis. 100 young adolescents (12.5- 15 years of age) from a well-characterized, prospective longitudinal cohort will be selected from four groups: FASD only; ADHD only; FASD + ADHD; non-exposed, unaffected controls. The aims of the study are (1) to characterize the deficits in neurocognitive processes that underlie number processing in FASD and ADHD, using a standardized mathematics achievement test and a culture-free battery based on contemporary theories of mathematical cognition; (2) to administer three ERP paradigms to examine which numerical and control processes of number processing are affected in each of these disorders-non-symbolic representation of quantity (numerosity), executive monitoring of arithmetic errors, selective attention, response inhibition/cognitive control; (3) to examine the degree to which latency and amplitude of the principal ERP waveforms that appear to be altered in FASD or ADHD are related to performance on the behavioral mathematics assessments. Exploratory analyses will also be conducted to determine the degree to which effects seen on the ERP components are specific to each of these disorders or attributable to deficits in overall intellectual and/or executive function and the degree to which total brain, gray or white matter volume, or volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex or the superior and inferior parietal region may mediate the observed effects. The proposed study will be conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, a highly cost-effective venue for this study, given the unusually large number of children with FAS available at a single site and the availability of a 128- channel Electrical Geodesics, Inc., system to acquire the ERP data.

摘要 胎儿酒精谱障碍与注意缺陷多动的研究 精神障碍(ADHD)因行为诊断标准缺乏特异性而受到阻碍 对调节观察到的认知的神经底物的了解有限 赤字。在这些疾病中出现的表型相似的缺陷很难区分 尽管有不同的病因。皮雅各布森实验室的神经行为数据表明 胎儿酒精相关的算术障碍是由核心量缺陷所调节的 涉及到在心理上表示和处理数字(数字)的能力的系统， 然而，在ADHD中，糟糕的算术似乎是由执行功能受损所致。 PiBerger开发了使用事件相关电位(ERP)的创新范式 检查算术和注意力的神经基础，这使我们有可能识别 作为数字处理基础的离散组件，包括幅度表示， 错误检测、选择性注意和反应抑制。我们建议进行第一次 比较患有和不患有FASD和/或ADHD儿童数字加工的事件相关电位研究 为了促进对这些疾病中受损的神经底物的了解 疾病，从而潜在地提高鉴别诊断。100名青少年(12.5- 15岁)将从具有良好特征的预期纵向队列中挑选出来 来自四组：仅FASD组；仅ADHD组；FASD+ADHD组；未暴露、未受影响的对照组。 这项研究的目的是(1)描述神经认知过程中的缺陷， FASD和ADHD中的潜在数字处理，使用标准化数学 成就测试和基于当代数学理论的无文化电池 认知；(2)管理三个ERP范式，以检查数字和控制 在这些障碍中，数字处理过程都受到影响--非象征性的 数量(数字)表示、算术错误执行监控、选择性 注意，反应抑制/认知控制；(3)检查潜伏期的程度 以及在FASD或ADHD中似乎改变的主要ERP波形的幅度 都与行为数学评估的表现有关。探索性的 还将进行分析，以确定对企业资源规划系统的影响程度 每种疾病的组成部分都是特定的，或者可归因于总体上的缺陷 智力和/或执行功能以及整个大脑的灰白程度 物质体积，或前扣带回皮质或上、下扣带回的体积 顶区可能在观察到的效应中起中介作用。拟议的研究将在#年进行 南非开普敦是这项研究的高性价比地点，考虑到 在一个地点可获得大量患有自闭症的儿童，并可获得128- Channel Electric Geodesics，Inc.，用于获取ERP数据的系统。