An ERP Study of Number Processing and Error Detection in FAS and ADHD

FAS 和 ADHD 数字处理和错误检测的 ERP 研究

• 批准号: 8887277
• 负责人: ANDREA BERGER
• 金额: $ 17.66万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-10 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8887277
• 关键词: 10 year old; 15 year old; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohols; Anterior; Area; Arithmetic; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Brain; Child; Cognition; Cognitive deficits; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Differential Diagnosis; Disease; Etiology; Event-Related Potentials; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Functional disorder; Health; Hyperactive behavior; Impairment; Incidence; Inferior; Laboratories; Lead; Mathematics; Mediating; Monitor; Neurocognitive; Parents; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Pharmacologic Substance; Pregnancy; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Site; South Africa; Specificity; System; Universities; abstracting; achievement test; alcohol consumption during pregnancy; alcohol exposure; base; brain volume; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; cohort; computerized; cost effective; design; executive function; fetal; gray matter; improved; innovation; mathematical ability; mathematical theory; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; novel; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; selective attention; teacher; tool; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hampered by a lack of specificity in behavioral diagnostic criteria and limited understanding of the neural substrates that mediate the observed cognitive deficits. Phenotypically similar deficits seen in these disorders are difficult to distinguish despite different etiologies. Neurobehavioral data from PI Jacobson's laboratory suggest that fetal alcohol-related impairment in arithmetic is mediated by a deficit in the core quantity system involving the ability to mentally represent and manipulate number (numerosity), whereas in ADHD, poor arithmetic appears to be mediated by impaired executive function. PI Berger has developed innovative paradigms using event-related potentials (ERP) to examine the neural bases of arithmetic and attention, which make it possible to identify discrete components underlying number processing, including magnitude representation, error detection, selective attention, and response inhibition. We propose to conduct the first ERP study to compare number processing in children with and without FASD and/or ADHD to advance understanding of the neural substrates that are compromised in each of these disorders, thereby potentially improving differential diagnosis. 100 young adolescents (12.5- 15 years of age) from a well-characterized, prospective longitudinal cohort will be selected from four groups: FASD only; ADHD only; FASD + ADHD; non-exposed, unaffected controls. The aims of the study are (1) to characterize the deficits in neurocognitive processes that underlie number processing in FASD and ADHD, using a standardized mathematics achievement test and a culture-free battery based on contemporary theories of mathematical cognition; (2) to administer three ERP paradigms to examine which numerical and control processes of number processing are affected in each of these disorders-non-symbolic representation of quantity (numerosity), executive monitoring of arithmetic errors, selective attention, response inhibition/cognitive control; (3) to examine the degree to which latency and amplitude of the principal ERP waveforms that appear to be altered in FASD or ADHD are related to performance on the behavioral mathematics assessments. Exploratory analyses will also be conducted to determine the degree to which effects seen on the ERP components are specific to each of these disorders or attributable to deficits in overall intellectual and/or executive function and the degree to which total brain, gray or white matter volume, or volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex or the superior and inferior parietal region may mediate the observed effects. The proposed study will be conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, a highly cost-effective venue for this study, given the unusually large number of children with FAS available at a single site and the availability of a 128- channel Electrical Geodesics, Inc., system to acquire the ERP data.

描述（由申请人提供）：对胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的研究受到行为诊断标准缺乏特异性和对介导所观察到的认知缺陷的神经底物的有限理解的阻碍。尽管病因不同，但在这些疾病中观察到的表型相似的缺陷难以区分。来自PI Jacobson实验室的神经行为数据表明，胎儿酒精相关的算术损伤是由核心数量系统中的缺陷介导的，涉及心理表征和操纵数字（数字性）的能力，而在ADHD中，算术差似乎是由执行功能受损介导的。PI Berger开发了使用事件相关电位（ERP）来检查算术和注意力的神经基础的创新范式，这使得识别数字处理的离散组件成为可能，包括幅度表征，错误检测，选择性注意和反应抑制。我们建议进行第一个ERP研究，比较数字处理与FASD和/或ADHD儿童和非FASD和/或ADHD的神经基板，在这些疾病中的每一个损害的理解，从而可能提高鉴别诊断。将从四组中选择100名来自充分表征的前瞻性纵向队列的青少年（12.5- 15岁）：仅FASD;仅ADHD; FASD + ADHD;未暴露的未受影响的对照组。本研究的目的是：（1）采用标准化数学成绩测验和基于现代数学认知理论的无文化成套测验，对FASD和ADHD的数字加工神经认知过程缺陷进行表征;（2）管理三个ERP范式，以检查在这些障碍中的每一个中，数字加工的数字和控制过程受到影响-非-数量的符号表征（数字性）、算术错误的执行监控、选择性注意、反应抑制/认知控制;（3）检查FASD或ADHD中出现改变的主要ERP波形的潜伏期和振幅与行为数学评估的相关程度。还将进行探索性分析，以确定在ERP组分上观察到的效应对每种疾病的特异性程度或可归因于整体智力和/或执行功能缺陷的程度，以及总脑、灰质或白色物质体积或前扣带回皮质或上级和下顶叶区域的体积可能介导观察到的效应的程度。拟议的研究将在南非开普敦进行，这是一个非常具有成本效益的研究地点，因为单个研究中心可获得的FAS儿童数量异常多，并且可获得128通道电气大地测量公司，系统获取ERP数据。