Synthetic Nanofiber Vaccines for Cocaine Addiction

用于治疗可卡因成瘾的合成纳米纤维疫苗

• 批准号: 8732620
• 负责人: Jai Rudra
• 金额: $ 23.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8732620
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Acute; Adjuvant; Affinity; Americas; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Antibody Specificity; Antigens; Behavioral; Binding; Biological Assay; Blood - brain barrier anatomy; Blood Circulation; Brain; Buffers; Carrier Proteins; Chemicals; Chemistry; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cocaine; Cocaine Abuse; Cocaine Dependence; Coupled; Coupling; Data; Development; Disease; Drug Formulations; Drug abuse; Drug usage; FDA approved; Fees; Goals; Haptens; Health; Human; Illicit Drugs; Immune; Immune response; Immunity; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunologic Adjuvants; Immunology; Injection of therapeutic agent; Lead; Length; Malaria Vaccines; Malignant Neoplasms; Methamphetamine; Morphine; Motor Activity; Mouse Strains; Mus; Nanotechnology; Nicotine; Opiates; Outcome; Overdose; Penetration; Peptides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Regimen; Relapse; Research; Route; Safety; Severities; Site; Specificity; Staging; Synthesis Chemistry; Tertiary Protein Structure; Testing; Vaccination; Vaccine Adjuvant; Vaccine Production; Vaccines; Visit; Work; addiction; aged; alternative treatment; analog; base; behavioral sensitization; carboxylate; cell motility; combat; design; drug of abuse; efficacy testing; immunogenic; immunogenicity; improved; insight; interest; mouse model; nanofiber; novel; pre-clinical; prevent; prophylactic; public health relevance; small molecule; social; success; therapeutic vaccine; treatment strategy; vaccine development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cocaine addiction is second only to opiates as the most problematic drug in the Americas with an enormous fee in human tragedy as well as in public health and safety. Currently there is no FDA approved pharmacological therapy for cocaine addiction, which has prompted the development of immuno-prophylactic alternatives. A therapeutic vaccine that elicits anti-cocaine antibodies will allow the rapid sequestration of the drug in circulation and reduce the amount and rate of its entry into the brain. A limiting factor t the success of small molecule drug vaccines is the low degree of immunity evoked by the addictive drug analog and lack of effective yet safe immune adjuvants. Also, clinical studies have unambiguously demonstrated that the design of proper haptens is critical for proper immune stimulation both in terms of amount of antibody elicited and antibody specificity. The goals of this proposal are to design and develop cocaine vaccines based on designed cocaine analogs in combination with a peptide nanofiber-based delivery platform for eliciting high titers of anti-cocaine antibodies and test their efficacy in a mouse motor activity assay. The work is divided into two aims: Aim 1) Design and synthesis of self-assembling peptide nanofiber-based cocaine vaccines. Aim 2) Test the efficacy of peptide nanofiber cocaine vaccine formulations in a mouse model. Our approach will be to design and chemically synthesize peptide nanofiber vaccines against cocaine. In aim 1, we will synthesize novel cocaine-based small molecule haptens modified at the P3 site with various chemical linkers and linker lengths. We will then conjugate the haptens to a self-assembling peptide domain using an orthogonal chemistry to produce peptide nanofibers that display the haptens in a multivalent fashion. In aim 2, we will investigate antibody responses against modified cocaine haptens coupled self-assembling peptides and the effect of linker chemistry and linker-length on the antibody titers. Mice will be immunized with synthetic cocaine nanofiber vaccines and the production of anti-cocaine antibodies will be investigated using a prime-boost regimen. Formulations that elicit high titers o anti-cocaine antibodies will be investigated for suppression of acute cocaine-induced motor activity and cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization. Success in these studies will provide us with insights into the development of small molecule drug analogs suitable for vaccination and the utility of self-assembling peptides as adjuvants for vaccines to treat addiction. Also, more broadly, completion of the proposed work will integrate the fields of synthetic chemistry, nanotechnology, immunology, and addiction to significantly impact human health.

描述（由申请人提供）：可卡因成瘾是仅次于阿片类药物的美洲最有问题的药物，在人类悲剧以及公共卫生和安全方面花费巨大。目前没有FDA批准的可卡因成瘾的药物治疗，这促使了免疫预防替代品的开发。一种能激发抗可卡因抗体的治疗性疫苗将允许药物在循环中快速隔离，并减少其进入大脑的数量和速度。小分子药物疫苗成功的限制因素是由成瘾药物类似物引起的低程度的免疫和缺乏有效而安全的免疫佐剂。此外，临床研究已经明确证明，适当的半抗原的设计对于适当的免疫刺激在引发的抗体量和抗体特异性方面都是关键的。该提案的目标是基于设计的可卡因类似物与基于肽纳米纤维的递送平台相结合来设计和开发可卡因疫苗，以引发高滴度的抗可卡因抗体，并在小鼠运动活动测定中测试其功效。本论文的研究工作分为两个方面：第一方面：设计和合成基于自组装肽纳米纤维的可卡因疫苗。目的2）在小鼠模型中测试肽可卡因疫苗制剂的功效。我们的方法将是设计和化学合成针对可卡因的肽疫苗。在目标1中，我们将合成在P3位点用各种化学接头和接头长度修饰的新型可卡因基小分子半抗原。然后，我们将使用正交化学将半抗原缀合到自组装肽结构域，以产生以多价方式展示半抗原的肽纳米纤维。在目标2中，我们将研究针对修饰的可卡因半抗原偶联的自组装肽的抗体应答以及接头化学和接头长度对抗体滴度的影响。小鼠将用合成可卡因疫苗免疫，并将使用初免-加强方案研究抗可卡因抗体的产生。将研究引发高滴度抗可卡因抗体的制剂对急性可卡因诱导的运动活动和可卡因诱导的行为致敏的抑制。这些研究的成功将为我们提供适合疫苗接种的小分子药物类似物的开发以及自组装肽作为疫苗佐剂治疗成瘾的效用的见解。此外，更广泛地说，拟议工作的完成将整合合成化学，纳米技术，免疫学和成瘾领域，以显着影响人类健康。