Conflict, Substance Use and HIV and Related Diseases

冲突、药物滥用和艾滋病毒及相关疾病

基本信息

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of the proposed project is to develop and test a theoretical model of the relationship between conflict and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and related diseases (e.g. tuberculosis) among World Health Organization Member States. The model defines the direct effects of conflict on HIV, and the indirect effects of conflit on HIV spread operating through two sets of indicators; background susceptibility factors (e.g. baseline prevalence of HIV) and vulnerability factors (e.g. substance use) that reflect changes induced by conflict. In this explanatory model, susceptibility and vulnerability factors are hypothesized to serve as moderators and mediators of the conflict-HIV relationship. One vulnerability factor of central interest is substance use including alcohol use, non-injection illiit drug use and especially injection drug use (IDU). Consideration of IDU in explaining the conflict-HIV relationship is important given that IDU accounts for about 10% of the estimated 27 million new HIV infections that occur each year and for 30% of these new infections occurring outside Sub-Saharan Africa. Research attention has focused on the relationship between IDU and HIV, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), tending to overshadow the importance of these diseases associated with non-injection drug use and alcohol use. The proposed project also aims to: (1) identify new and refine existing indicators of susceptibility and vulnerability; (2) examine hypothesized direct and indirect effects of conflict n HIV among relevant subgroups in which the relationship may differ (e.g. Sub-Saharan African vs. Non-Sub-Saharan African countries); and (3) test alternative explanatory models using structural equation modeling. These objectives and aims will be supported by a research training plan that involves learning/enhancing knowledge of advanced epidemiology, biostatistics and HIV and related infectious diseases and global health and training in presentation skills, conduct of research, manuscript writing and preparation of fundable grant proposals, mentoring and receiving training in the responsible conduct of research. This project is of substantial relevance to the research priorities of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, tha is, its focus on prevention and treatment of HIV, including developing intervention strategies, addressing HIV/AIDS, understanding IDU epidemics in different geographic areas, assessing the role of immigration/migration on HIV transmission and research addressing the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and related co-infections and other STIs and tuberculosis, epidemiology, and behavioral, social and economic determinants of HIV/AIDS.
说明(由申请人提供):拟议项目的目标是开发和测试世界卫生组织成员国之间冲突与人体免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)及相关疾病(例如结核病)之间关系的理论模型。该模型通过两组指标定义了冲突对艾滋病毒的直接影响,以及冲突对艾滋病毒传播的间接影响;反映冲突引起的变化的背景易感因素(如艾滋病毒基线流行率)和易受伤害因素(如药物使用)。在这个解释模型中,易感性和脆弱性因素被假设为冲突- hiv关系的调节因子和中介因子。一个重要的脆弱性因素是物质使用,包括酒精使用、非注射非毒品使用,特别是注射毒品使用。在解释冲突与艾滋病毒之间的关系时考虑到IDU是很重要的,因为IDU占每年估计2700万新发艾滋病毒感染的约10%,这些新发感染中有30%发生在撒哈拉以南非洲以外。研究注意力集中在注射过量与艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和性传播感染之间的关系上,往往掩盖了这些与非注射吸毒和酗酒有关的疾病的重要性。拟议的项目还旨在:(1)确定新的和完善现有的易感性和脆弱性指标;(2)在相关亚群体(例如撒哈拉以南非洲国家与非撒哈拉以南非洲国家)之间,研究HIV冲突的假设直接和间接影响;(3)利用结构方程模型对备选解释模型进行检验。这些目标和目的将得到一项研究培训计划的支持,该计划涉及学习/加强高级流行病学、生物统计学和艾滋病毒及相关传染病和全球健康方面的知识,以及在演讲技巧、开展研究、撰写手稿和编制可获得资助的赠款提案方面的培训,指导和接受负责任开展研究方面的培训。该项目与国家药物滥用研究所的研究优先事项密切相关,即其重点是预防和治疗艾滋病毒,包括制定干预战略、解决艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题、了解不同地理区域的注射过量流行病、评估移民/移徙对艾滋病毒传播的作用,以及研究艾滋病毒/艾滋病和相关合并感染以及其他性传播感染和结核病、流行病学和行为。艾滋病的社会和经济决定因素。

项目成果

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Bradley Townsend Kerridge其他文献

Bradley Townsend Kerridge的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Bradley Townsend Kerridge', 18)}}的其他基金

Conflict, Substance Use and HIV and Related Diseases
冲突、药物滥用和艾滋病毒及相关疾病
  • 批准号:
    8602999
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:
War Violence and Global Burden of Diseases Related To Substance Use and Disorders
战争暴力和与药物使用和紊乱相关的全球疾病负担
  • 批准号:
    7892954
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:
War Violence and Global Burden of Diseases Related To Substance Use and Disorders
战争暴力和与药物使用和紊乱相关的全球疾病负担
  • 批准号:
    7687460
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:
War Violence and Global Burden of Diseases Related To Substance Use and Disorders
战争暴力和与药物使用和紊乱相关的全球疾病负担
  • 批准号:
    8103179
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:
War Violence and Global Burden of Diseases Related To Substance Use and Disorders
战争暴力和与药物使用和紊乱相关的全球疾病负担
  • 批准号:
    7540133
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:
War Violence and Global Burden of Diseases Related To Substance Use and Disorders
战争暴力和与药物使用和紊乱相关的全球疾病负担
  • 批准号:
    8287146
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.44万
  • 项目类别:

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