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The Role of Astroglia in the Enteric Nervous System and Gut Function

星形胶质细胞在肠神经系统和肠道功能中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
8619205
负责人：
VLADIMIR PARPURA
金额：
$ 22.05万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-12-01 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8619205
关键词：
Address Affect Animals Appearance Astrocytes Biological Assay Blood Vessels Brain Cells Chronic Colon Colonoscopy Connexin 43 Constipation Coupling Data Development Down-Regulation Duodenum Enteral Enteric Nervous System Eosine Yellowish Fiber Optics Gap Junctions Gastroenterology Gastrointestinal Diseases Gastrointestinal Transit Gastrointestinal tract structure Health Histology Histopathology Image Individual Inflammation Inflammatory Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Intervention Intestines Investigation Irritable Bowel Syndrome Knockout Mice Lead Light Link Maps Measurement Modeling Molecular Molecular Genetics Morphology Mucous Membrane Muscle Nature Necrotizing Enterocolitis Neonatal Neuraxis Neurobiology Neuroglia Pathology Patients Pattern Peristalsis Peroxidases Physiological Physiology Plasma Proteins Quality of life Reporting Role Survival Rate Testing Time Tissues Work cell motility chromophore clinical practice ileum imaging modality improved in vivo innovation interest intestinal fatty acid binding protein jejunum microbial minimally invasive mouse model novel public health relevance spatiotemporal translational medicine

项目摘要

Abstract The enteric nervous system (ENS) resides in the gut wall and controls physiology of the alimentary tract. The majority of the ENS is composed of enteric glial cells (EGCs), which have been linked to a wide range of gut pathologies, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis and "idiopathic" constipation. Our preliminary data point to a novel hypothesis that EGCs support normal gut function through their cell-cell connectivity established via connexin 43; the down regulation of Cx43 leads to inflammatory morphological changes and reduced motility of the gut. To test this hypothesis we will use an innovative molecular genetics approach integrated with histology, fiber-optic colonoscopy, GI transit tests in vivo, and an ex vivo imaging method of an isolated colon. This proposed investigation will gather valuable information on the novel role of Cx43 in the function of the gut and ENS. These findings will be of general interest to neurobiology. Additionally, the findings will be relevant to translational medicine, since they could open the door for the development of a cause-directed treatment for constipation and various inflammatory bowel diseases. These potential new opportunities for intervention could greatly improve clinical practice in gastroenterology by increasing the survival rate of neonatal patients suffering from necrotizing enterocolitis and substantially improve the quality of life and survival in the other ENS/EGC related gut pathologies.

摘要