Correlates of motivation and reward

动机和奖励的相关性

• 批准号: 8933849
• 负责人: SATOSHI IKEMOTO
• 金额: $ 40.76万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8933849
• 关键词: Animals; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Categories; Future; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Lead; Learning; Mediating; Memory; Midbrain structure; Motivation; Neurons; Physiological; Play; Procedures; Process; Rewards; Role; Slow-Wave Sleep; System; Work; conditioned fear; dopamine system; drug reward; in vivo; long term memory; memory process; motivated behavior; motivational processes; optogenetics; raphe nuclei; reinforcer

Memory consolidation is a process in which newly acquired information is transformed into long-term memory. Consolidation of explicit memory requires the hippocampus, which generates a sharp-wave associated fast field-oscillation (200 Hz), referred to as ripples6,7. Hippocampal ripples, which predominantly occur during slow-wave sleep, have been shown to play an essential role in memory consolidation. However, little is known about how ripples are regulated by other brain regions. Here we show that the median raphe nucleus plays a key role in regulating hippocampal ripple activity and memory consolidation. We performed in vivo simultaneous recordings in the median raphe nucleus and hippocampus, and found that when a group of raphe neurons were active, ripples were absent. To determine a causal relationship, we employed an optogenetic approach and found that photostimulation of median raphe neurons suppressed hippocampal ripple activity, while photoinhibition of these neurons increased hippocampal ripple activity. Importantly, by using a fear conditioning procedure, we provide evidence that photostimulation of median raphe neurons interferes with memory consolidation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a critical role of the median raphe nucleus in regulating hippocampal ripple activity and memory consolidation, and identify a new brain circuitry that controls these physiological learning and memory processes.

记忆巩固是将新获得的信息转化为长期记忆的过程。 外显记忆的巩固需要海马体，海马体产生与快速场振荡（200 Hz）相关的尖锐波，称为波纹6，7。 海马波纹主要发生在慢波睡眠期间，已被证明在记忆巩固中发挥着重要作用。 然而，人们对涟漪如何受到其他大脑区域的调节知之甚少。 在这里，我们表明，中缝正中核在调节海马涟漪活动和记忆巩固中起着关键作用。 我们在体内同时记录中缝核和海马，发现当一组中缝核神经元活跃时，没有波纹。 为了确定因果关系，我们采用了光遗传学方法，发现光刺激中缝正中神经元抑制海马涟漪活动，而光抑制这些神经元增加海马涟漪活动。 重要的是，通过使用恐惧条件反射程序，我们提供的证据表明，中缝正中神经元的光刺激干扰记忆巩固。 总之，我们的研究结果表明，中缝正中核在调节海马涟漪活动和记忆巩固的关键作用，并确定了一个新的大脑回路，控制这些生理学习和记忆过程。