Fogarty HIV Research Training Program for Low and Middle-Income Countries

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的重点是博茨瓦纳的预防研究，以减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病的发病率。这是教师导师当前研究活动的核心，他们彼此之间以及与博茨瓦纳站点的主要合作伙伴进行广泛合作。我们的培训合作伙伴是博茨瓦纳哈佛艾滋病研究所伙伴关系（BHP），这是博茨瓦纳卫生部（MOH）的一家有限责任非营利性公司。必和必拓是博茨瓦纳最大的艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究机构，也是非洲最大的研究机构之一。这个培训项目的长期目标是培养能够在未来5-10年内承担必和必拓责任的研究领导者，并为卫生部配备当地的艾滋病专家。博茨瓦纳目前是世界上成人艾滋病毒感染率第二高的国家（25%），但艾滋病患者接受抗逆转录病毒药物治疗（ART）的比例也最高（根据世卫组织的数据，约为90%）。博茨瓦纳政府、哈佛大学的培训教员和必和必拓的主要合作者现在决定将他们的努力集中在预防研究上。一项基于预防干预措施组合的新研究拨款包括14名哈佛培训教员中的10名参与。培训生可参加与艾滋病有关的课程、研讨会和讲习班。每年申请博士点2个，博士后3个。我们估计我们将在5年内培训大约18名学员，考虑到每个博士候选人和一些博士后的多年时间，并假设几个短期学员可以填补一个年度培训时段。奖学金将根据当前学位和研究经验确定；因此，攻读硕士或博士学位的医学博士将有资格获得博士后水平的津贴。所有受训者至少要有学士学位。我们估计大约一半将是有临床经验的医生。其中一些人将成为博士后，他们拥有相关领域的博士学位，但没有艾滋病研究经验。每位实习生将有一位首席顾问和一个教员咨询委员会。学员的选择是基于以前的学术表现、推荐信、经验以及候选人将返回博茨瓦纳参加艾滋病研究的保证。项目的质量将由一个由美国和发展中国家专家组成的培训咨询委员会监督。该培训计划的成功与否将通过在第二年和第四年后接受该计划培训的必和必拓和卫生部高级研究职位的相对增长来判断。成功与否的评判标准还包括：是否成功实施了涉及学员的预防研究项目，学员在高影响力期刊上发表的论文数量，以及前学员在必和必拓和卫生部担任的职位数量。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The focus for this proposal is on prevention research in Botswana to reduce incidence of HIV/AIDS. This is central to the current research activities of the faculty mentors, who collaborate extensively with each other and with key partners at the Botswana site. Our partner for training is the Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership (BHP), a limited liability nonprofit corporation (LLC) with the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Botswana. The BHP is the largest HIV/AIDS research organization in Botswana, and one of the largest in Africa. The long- term goals and objectives of this training program are to train research leaders who can take responsibility for the BHP within the next 5-10 years, and to staff the MOH with local AIDS experts. Botswana currently has the second-highest prevalence of HIV in the world for adults (25%), but has also had the highest rate of antiretroviral drug treatment (ART) for patients with AIDS (about 90%, according to WHO). The government of Botswana, the training faculty at Harvard, and the key collaborators at BHP have now decided to focus their efforts on prevention research. A new research grant based on a combination of prevention interventions includes participation by 10 of the 14 Harvard training faculty. AIDS-related courses, seminars, and workshops are available for trainees. We have requested funds for 2 predoctoral and 3 postdoctoral positions each year. We estimate that we will train about 18 trainees over 5 years, allowing for multiple years for each PhD candidate and some postdoctoral fellows, and assuming several short-term trainees could fill a single annual training slot. Stipends will be based on current degrees and research experience; thus an MD on an MS or PhD program would be eligible for a postdoctoral-level stipend. All trainees would have at least a BSc degree. We estimate that about half will be physicians with clinical experience. Some will be postdoctoral fellows who have PhD's in a related area but no experience in AIDS research. Each trainee will have a principal advisor and a faculty advisory committee. Selection of trainees is based on previous academic performance, references, experience, and assurance that the candidates will return to participate in AIDS research in Botswana. The quality of the program will be monitored by a Training Advisory Committee composed of experts from the US and from developing countries. The success of the training program will be judged by the relative increase in senior research positions at BHP and MOH that are individuals who were trained by this program after the second and fourth years. Success will also be judged by the implementation of successful prevention research programs that involve trainees, numbers of trainee publications in high-impact journals, and number of staff positions filled by former trainees at the BHP and the Ministry of Health.