Sexual Orientation Differences: Prevalence & Correlates of Substance Use & Abuse

描述（由申请人提供）：先前的研究表明，与异性恋人群相比，性少数群体的酒精消费率，危险饮酒率以及烟草和非法药物的使用率更高，并且危险饮酒的差异在性少数群体妇女（SMW）中尤为明显。与此同时，对风险调节因素的研究因依赖于普遍性有限的法定最低工资抽样策略而受到阻碍（例如，主要是志愿者样本，没有异性恋比较）或更复杂建模的功效（基于人群的样本，SMW数字较小）。这项拟议的研究回应了PA-12-111（LGBTI人群健康研究），并解决了医学研究所（IOM）最近两份关于性少数群体健康的报告中发现的差距。我们的具体目标包括：目标1：测试创新的方法和技术，以扩大罕见人群的样本。1.1收集性少数女性的过样本（n ~1000），使用来自NAS概率样本的种子的应答者驱动抽样（RDS）。1.2在过样本和主要NAS的特征之间进行方法学比较。目的2：检查和比较中介和调解人的物质使用的性少数相比，异性恋人群。2.1使用来自SMW的过样本数据、来自SMW的补充调查数据和来自全国酒精调查的匹配异性恋女性的数据来测试更复杂的模型，以了解中介（例如，心理困扰）和调节器（例如，社会支持、精神信仰）的少数性取向与药物使用之间的关系。2.2通过分析地理编码NAS和SMW的过抽样，调查社区层面因素在性少数群体健康和福祉中的作用，包括当地态度和信仰之间的可能关系（例如，宗教性和会众分布）和法律的模式（例如，支持或禁止同性婚姻的政策）和物质使用的结果。目的3：比较以人口为基础的SMW与志愿者样本的方法学研究。使用过量样本（目标1中收集的）和NAS（国家概率样本）以及CHLEW（地理限制的非概率样本）的定量数据，检查和比较法定最低工资中物质使用（危险饮酒，烟草使用和非法药物使用）的估计和相关性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Previous studies indicate that rates of alcohol consumption, hazardous drinking, and use of tobacco and illicit drugs are higher among sexual minorities compared to heterosexual populations, and that differences in hazardous drinking are particularly pronounced among sexual minority women (SMW). At the same time, research to on moderators of risk have been hampered by reliance on sampling strategies for SMW that are limited in generalizability (e.g., predominantly volunteer samples without heterosexual comparisons) or power for more complex modeling (population-based samples with small SMW numbers). The proposed study responds to PA-12-111 (Research on the Health of LGBTI Populations) and addresses gaps identified in two recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) reports related to sexual minority health. Our specific aims include: Aim 1: Test innovative methods and techniques for expanding samples of rare populations. 1.1 Collect an oversample of sexual minority women (n ~1000), using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) with seeds from the NAS probability sample. 1.2 Conduct methodological comparisons between characteristics of the oversample and the primary NAS. Aim 2: Examine and compare mediators and moderators of substance use in sexual minority compared to heterosexual populations. 2.1 Use data from an oversample of SMW, supplemental survey data from SMW and matched heterosexual women from the National Alcohol Surveys to test more complex models to understand mediators (e.g., psychological distress) and moderators (e.g., social support, spirituality) of the relationship between minority sexual orientation and substance use. 2.2 Investigate the role of community level factors in the health and well-being of sexual minorities through analyses of geo- coded NAS and the oversample of SMW, including possible relationships between local attitudes and beliefs (e.g., religiosity and congregational distribution) and legal patterns (e.g., policies supporting or prohibiting same-sex marriage) and substance use outcomes among SMW. Aim 3: Methodological study comparing population-based to volunteer samples of SMW. Use quantitative data from the oversample (collected in Aim 1) and NAS (a national probability sample) and the CHLEW (a geographically restricted non-probability sample) to examine and compare estimates and correlates of substance use (hazardous drinking, tobacco use and illicit drug use) among SMW.