Optical Assessment of Caries Lesion Structure and Activity

龋齿病变结构和活动的光学评估

• 批准号: 8721394
• 负责人: Robert Chulsung Lee
• 金额: $ 4.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8721394
• 关键词: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Appearance; Area; Behavior; Biological Preservation; Chemicals; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials; Clinical assessments; Color; Defect; Dehydration; Dental Enamel; Dental caries; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diet; Early Diagnosis; Fluorescence; Fluorides; Future; Histologic; Hydration status; Image; Imaging technology; In Vitro; Intervention; Ionizing radiation; Lasers; Lesion; Light; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Microradiography; Minerals; Modeling; Monitor; Optical Coherence Tomography; Optical Methods; Optics; Permeability; Plant Roots; Polarization Microscopy; Porosity; Prevalence; Research; Risk Assessment; Simulate; Staging; Staining method; Stains; Structure; Surface; Testing; Texture; Thick; Time; Tissues; Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Remineralization; Tooth structure; Transillumination; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Water; absorption; demineralization; fluorosis; imaging modality; in vivo; indexing; irradiation; novel; optical imaging; remin-demin; remineralization; sound; success; tool; tooth surface

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall objective of this proposed research is to develop near-infrared (NIR) imaging methods for the detection and diagnosis of early dental caries (dental decay). New, more sophisticated diagnostic tools are needed for the detection and characterization of caries lesions in the early stages of development. If carious lesions are detected early enough, before cavitation, then they can be arrested/remineralized by non-surgical means through fluoride therapy, anti-bacterial therapy, dietary changes, or by low intensity laser irradiation. It is not sufficient to simply detect caries lesions, methods are needd to assess the activity of the lesion and determine if chemical intervention is needed. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that optical coherence tomography can be used to nondestructively image the subsurface lesion structure and measure the thickness of the highly mineralized surface zone. Other studies have demonstrated that the rate of dehydration can be correlated with the lesion activity and that rate can be measured using optical methods. The central hypothesis underlying this proposal is that there are structural differences between active lesions due to caries, arrested lesions and developmental defects, and these differences can be resolved nondestructively using optical imaging methods at NIR wavelengths. Arrested lesions and developmental defects of enamel can be easily mistaken for active early caries lesions due to similar texture and color. Arrested lesions and mild developmental defects typically have a hard outer layer or surface zone of higher mineral content than the body of the lesion which reduces the lesion permeability. The overall objectives of this proposal will be achieved through the following specific aims: (1) To test the hypothesis that optical methods can be used to assess lesion activity on tooth coronal and root surfaces, (2) To test the hypothesis that NIR imaging methods can be used to differentiate caries lesions on tooth coronal surfaces from enamel hypomineralization due to developmental defects. It is likely that if these studies and future clinical trials are a success, this novel imaging technology will be employed for the detection and monitoring of early carious lesions without the use of ionizing radiation, thereby enabling conservative non-surgical intervention and the preservation of healthy tissue structure.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项拟议研究的总体目标是开发近红外（NIR）成像方法来检测和诊断早期龋齿（蛀牙）。需要新的、更复杂的诊断工具来检测和表征早期龋齿病变。如果在空洞形成之前足够早地检测到龋损，则可以通过氟化物治疗、抗菌治疗、饮食改变或低强度激光照射等非手术手段来阻止/再矿化龋损。仅仅检测龋齿病变是不够的，需要方法来评估病变的活动性并确定是否需要化学干预。先前的体外和体内研究表明，光学相干断层扫描可用于对地下病变结构进行无损成像并测量高度矿化的表面区域的厚度。其他研究表明，脱水率可以与病变活动相关，并且可以使用光学方法测量脱水率。该提议的核心假设是，由于龋齿、停滞性病变和发育缺陷导致的活动性病变之间存在结构差异，并且可以使用近红外波长的光学成像方法非破坏性地解决这些差异。由于质地和颜色相似，釉质的停滞病变和发育缺陷很容易被误认为是活动性早期龋齿病变。停滞的病变和轻度发育缺陷通常具有比病变本体更高的矿物质含量的坚硬外层或表面区域，这降低了病变的渗透性。该提案的总体目标将通过以下具体目标来实现：（1）检验光学方法可用于评估牙齿冠面和牙根表面病变活动的假设，（2）检验近红外成像方法可用于区分牙齿冠面龋齿病变与发育缺陷导致的牙釉质低矿化的假设。如果这些研究和未来的临床试验取得成功，这种新颖的成像技术很可能将用于在不使用电离辐射的情况下检测和监测早期龋损，从而实现保守的非手术干预并保存健康的组织结构。