Cortical Processing of visual information during alert and non-alert brain state

警觉和非警觉大脑状态下视觉信息的皮层处理

• 批准号: 8655873
• 负责人: HARVEY A SWADLOW
• 金额: $ 38.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8655873
• 关键词: Accidents; Accounting; Action Potentials; Address; Affect; Anesthesia procedures; Animals; Area; Axon; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Cells; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Contrast Sensitivity; Development; Disease; Dorsal; Electric Stimulation; Eye; Frequencies; Future; Generations; Health; Human; Interneurons; Lateral Geniculate Body; Lead; Life; Measures; Membrane Potentials; Mental Health; Methods; Nature; Neurons; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Output; Pathway interactions; Perception; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Process Measure; Property; Psyche structure; Research; Sensory Process; Sleep; Staging; Structure; Synaptic Transmission; System; Testing; Thalamic structure; V1 neuron; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Work; alertness; awake; base; corticogeniculate; excitatory neuron; extracellular; information processing; inhibitory neuron; orientation selectivity; receptive field; research study; response; vigilance; visual information; visual performance; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

This proposal aims to understand the changes in visual processing that occur when subjects shift between alert and non-alert waking states. Thanks to the development of behavioral methods for the control of eye position, great advances have been made in understanding central mechanisms of visual perception of alert, attentive subjects. However, there is little understanding of cortical processes that come into play when alertness wanes. The awake, non-alert state is not equivalent to anesthesia, or to sleep states. When non-alert, we are capable of perception, but our perceptual capacities differ. It is commonly believed that "accidents happen" when we are not alert, but the extent to which early thalamic or visual cortical mechanisms may be responsible for this (as opposed to higher cognitive processes) is an open question. This proposal relies on a unique model system that is very well-suited to address this question: the awake rabbit, an animal who's "inner mental life" transparently shifts between alert and non- alert states, and who's stable eyes and diffident nature make it an ideal subject for these experiments. The proposed research will examine how changes in the brain state of awake subjects influence the multiple, sequential stages of information processing that occur within the visual thalamocortical and intracortical network. The experiments will measure state- dependent changes in the visual response properties of excitatory and inhibitory neurons at the input and output layers of the cortex and will investigate the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes, at the subthreshold and spiking level. This work will lead to a better understanding of cortical mechanisms of visual processing in a dynamic, awake brain. From a health perspective, these studies will have an important impact on our understanding of how alertness/vigilance deficits can impact visual perception and performance, and will provide the basis for future clinical studies of human mental health and behavioral disorders.

该提案旨在了解视觉处理发生的变化 受试者在警觉和非警觉的清醒状态之间转换。得益于 控制眼睛位置的行为方法，在 了解警觉、专注的受试者视觉感知的中心机制。 然而，人们对皮质过程在什么时候发挥作用的了解甚少。 警觉性减弱。清醒、非警觉状态并不等同于麻醉或睡眠 州。当不警觉时，我们有感知能力，但我们的感知能力 不同。人们普遍认为，当我们不警惕时，“事故就会发生”，但事实上 早期丘脑或视觉皮层机制可能在多大程度上对此负责 （相对于更高的认知过程）是一个悬而未决的问题。该提案依赖于 一个非常适合解决这个问题的独特模型系统：清醒的 兔子，一种“内在精神生活”明显在警觉和不警觉之间转换的动物 警戒状态，稳定的眼神和羞涩的本性使其成为这些人的理想拍摄对象 实验。 拟议的研究将研究清醒受试者的大脑状态如何变化 影响发生在信息处理中的多个连续阶段 视觉丘脑皮质和皮质内网络。实验将测量状态- 兴奋性和抑制性神经元视觉反应特性的依赖性变化 在皮层的输入和输出层，并将研究底层 导致这些变化的机制，在亚阈值和峰值水平。这部作品 将有助于更好地理解视觉处理的皮层机制 充满活力、清醒的大脑。 从健康角度来看，这些研究将对我们产生重要影响 了解警觉性/警觉性缺陷如何影响视觉感知和 表现，将为未来人类心理健康的临床研究提供基础 和行为障碍。

项目成果

Hour-long adaptation in the awake early visual system.

清醒早期视觉系统长达一小时的适应。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.00116.2015
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Stoelzel,CarlR;Huff,JosephM;Bereshpolova,Yulia;Zhuang,Jun;Hei,Xiaojuan;Alonso,Jose-Manuel;Swadlow,HarveyA
• 通讯作者: Swadlow,HarveyA

Stability of thalamocortical synaptic transmission across awake brain states.

清醒大脑状态下丘脑皮质突触传递的稳定性。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5983-08.2009
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Stoelzel,CarlR;Bereshpolova,Yulia;Swadlow,HarveyA
• 通讯作者: Swadlow,HarveyA

Layer 4 in primary visual cortex of the awake rabbit: contrasting properties of simple cells and putative feedforward inhibitory interneurons.

清醒兔子初级视觉皮层的第 4 层：简单细胞和假定的前馈抑制性中间神经元的对比特性。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0863-13.2013
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Zhuang,Jun;Stoelzel,CarlR;Bereshpolova,Yulia;Huff,JosephM;Hei,Xiaojuan;Alonso,Jose-Manuel;Swadlow,HarveyA
• 通讯作者: Swadlow,HarveyA

Brain state effects on layer 4 of the awake visual cortex.

大脑状态对清醒视觉皮层第四层的影响。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4969-13.2014
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Zhuang,Jun;Bereshpolova,Yulia;Stoelzel,CarlR;Huff,JosephM;Hei,Xiaojuan;Alonso,Jose-Manuel;Swadlow,HarveyA
• 通讯作者: Swadlow,HarveyA