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Thalamortical processing of visual information during alert and non-alert brain states

大脑警觉和非警觉状态下丘脑对视觉信息的处理

基本信息

批准号：
9788480
负责人：
HARVEY A SWADLOW
金额：
$ 40.25万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788480
关键词：
Accidents Action Potentials Address Affect Anesthesia procedures Animals Arousal Attention Axon Behavior Disorders Behavioral Biological Models Brain Cells Clinical Research Computer Simulation Dependence Disease Electric Stimulation Electroencephalography Electrophysiology (science)Event Eye Frequencies Future Generations Health Human Interneurons Investigation Lateral Geniculate Body Life Measures Membrane Potentials Mental Health Nature Neurons Noise Operant Conditioning Oryctolagus cuniculus Output Pathway interactions Perception Play Population Process Property Psyche structure Research Resistance Sensory Signal Transduction Sleep Stimulus Structure Synapses Synaptic Transmission System Testing Thalamic structure Time V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Visual Perception Work alertness area V1 auditory stimulus awake base cell type cognitive process corticogeniculate excitatory neuron experimental study feature detection information processing inhibitory neuron processing speed response vigilance visual information visual performance visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

This proposal aims to understand the changes in visual processing that occur when subjects shift between alert and non-alert waking states. While great advances have been made in understanding central mechanisms of visual perception of alert, attentive subjects, there is little understanding of cortical processes that come into play when alertness wanes. The awake, non-alert state is not equivalent to anesthesia, or to sleep states. When non-alert, we are capable of perception, but our perceptual capacities differ. It is commonly believed that "accidents happen" when we are not alert, but the extent to which early thalamic or visual cortical mechanisms may be responsible for this (as opposed to higher cognitive processes) is an open question. This proposal relies on a unique model system that is very well-suited to address this question: the awake rabbit, an animal who's "inner mental life" transparently and frequently shifts between alert and nonalert EEG-defined states, and who's stable eyes and diffident nature make it an ideal subject for these experiments. The proposed research will examine how changes in the brain state of awake subjects influence the multiple, sequential stages of information processing that occur within the visual thalamocortical, intracortical, and cortical output networks. The experiments will compare state dependent changes in the visual response properties of excitatory and inhibitory neurons at the input layer and within several output systems of the cortex and will investigate the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes, at the subthreshold and spiking level. This work will lead to a better understanding of cortical mechanisms of visual processing in a dynamic, awake brain. From a health perspective, these studies will have an important impact on our understanding of how alertness/vigilance deficits can impact visual perception and performance, and will provide the basis for future clinical studies of human mental health and behavioral disorders.

这项建议旨在了解当受试者在警觉和警觉之间转换时，视觉处理的变化非警觉唤醒状态。虽然在理解视觉中枢机制方面取得了很大进展对警觉、专注的受试者的感知，对大脑皮质过程的了解很少，当警觉性减弱。清醒、非清醒状态并不等同于麻醉或睡眠状态。当非警报时，我们都有感知的能力，但我们的感知能力不同。人们普遍认为“事故时有发生” 当我们没有警觉，而是早期丘脑或视觉皮质机制可能在多大程度上负责这(相对于更高的认知过程)是一个悬而未决的问题。这项提议依赖于一种独特的模式系统这非常适合于解决这个问题：醒着的兔子，一种透明的“内心精神生活”的动物经常在警觉和非警觉的脑电定义的状态之间转换，以及谁的稳定的眼睛和胆小的本性让它成为这些实验的理想对象。这项拟议的研究将检验大脑状态如何变化影响发生在视觉中的信息处理的多个顺序阶段丘脑皮质、皮质内和皮质输出网络。这些实验将比较依赖于状态的变化在输入层和几个输出中兴奋性和抑制性神经元的视觉反应特性并将在阈值以下研究导致这些变化的潜在机制和尖峰水平。这项工作将有助于更好地理解视觉加工的皮层机制。充满活力、清醒的大脑。从健康的角度来看，这些研究将对我们理解如何警觉性/警觉性缺陷可能会影响视觉感知和表现，并将为未来提供基础人类心理健康和行为障碍的临床研究。