Developmental fMRI Study of Alcohol Use in Adolescence

青春期饮酒的发育功能磁共振成像研究

• 批准号: 8693875
• 负责人: DIANA H FISHBEIN
• 金额: $ 58.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-20 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8693875
• 关键词: 13 year old; Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse effects; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Area; Behavioral; Belief; Brain; Characteristics; Cognitive; Data Collection; Decision Making; Deltastab; Development; Dose; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Ensure; Exhibits; Exposure to; Family; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Growth; Heavy Drinking; Illicit Drugs; Impairment; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Nature; Neurocognitive; Neurodevelopmental Deficit; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Prospective Studies; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Behavior; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Structure; Synapses; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Ventral Striatum; Youth; adolescents with alcohol use disorders; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol misuse; alcohol response; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; binge drinking; blood oxygen level dependent; chronic alcohol ingestion; cognitive function; cohesion; cohort; drinking; early alcohol use; emerging adult; falls; inattention; interest; neurodevelopment; parental monitoring; peer influence; programs; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; scaffold; skills; therapy design; underage drinking; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use is primarily initiated during vulnerable developmental years when white matter tracts arborize within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and between the PFC, anterior cingulate, ventral striatum and limbic (affective) structures, and significant synaptic pruning occurs. This neuronal fine-tuning establishes the scaffolding for the progressive neurodevelopment of executive cognitive and emotional regulatory functions that are critical for emotional and behavioral self-control. The vulnerability of this process in adolescence may explain findings of impairments in adolescents with alcohol use problems and in adults with a history of chronic alcohol use that began in adolescence; early alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking in adolescence may lead to long-term neural and behavioral developmental consequences. Also unknown is whether some of the neurodevelopmental delays and deficits associated with alcohol use actually predate use, thereby increasing propensity to misuse alcohol. And as precursor conditions, they may be particularly susceptible to further damage in response to the continued use of alcohol. No study to date has attempted to track neurodevelopmental precursors and the changes in these processes resulting from varying levels of alcohol use throughout adolescence. The proposed 5-year prospective longitudinal fMRI study seeks to identify functional neuroanatomical substrates of neurodevelopmental liability to initiate and escalate alcohol use and chart the progressive nature of neurocognitive change as a consequence of varying levels of alcohol use during adolescence. This study will also, in effect, isolate the potential dose-dependent neurodevelopmental consequences of alcohol use from precursor conditions. Alcohol and drug-"na¿ve" 11- to 13-year-olds will be prescreened for characteristics predictive of alcohol problems to ensure that a sufficient number of youth (final n=154) will exhibit initiation and varying levels of escalation of drinking during the course of the study. Three 16 month waves of data collection will be conducted. Neurocognitive markers of developmental deficits and delays (e.g., inattention, risky decision making, emotional dysregulation) have been associated with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use in previous research conducted by the study team and others, thus laying the groundwork for a longitudinal investigation of neurocognitive vulnerability factors in initiation and escalation of alcohol use and its potential effects (e.g., Brown & Tapert, 2004; Fishbein et al., 2005a,b; Giancola et al., 1996; Sher et al., 1997; Tarter et al., 2004; Zeigler et al., 2005). In all analyses, adjustments will be made for concurrent use of tobacco and other drugs, SES, IQ, parental alcohol and drug abuse, and other relevant covariates, such as aggression, alcohol expectancies, normative beliefs about alcohol, social supports, and deviance. Overall, the proposed study has implications for understanding underlying mechanisms in the development of maladaptive social behaviors that increase risk for alcohol initiation and escalation and suggest specific strategies for interventions that strengthen these functions, thereby altering the developmental trajectory for at-risk adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精的使用主要是在脆弱的发育期开始的，此时白色物质束在前额叶皮层（PFC）内、PFC、前扣带、腹侧纹状体和边缘（情感）结构之间形成树枝状，并发生显著的突触修剪。这种神经元的微调建立了执行认知和情绪调节功能的渐进神经发育的脚手架，这些功能对情绪和行为自我控制至关重要。这一过程在青春期的脆弱性可以解释在青少年酒精使用问题和在成年人的历史上的慢性酒精使用，开始在青春期的损害的调查结果;早期饮酒和大量的情节性饮酒在青春期可能会导致长期的神经和行为发育的后果。同样未知的是，与酒精使用相关的一些神经发育延迟和缺陷是否实际上早于使用，从而增加了滥用酒精的倾向。作为前驱条件，他们可能特别容易受到进一步的损害，以回应继续使用酒精。到目前为止，还没有研究试图跟踪神经发育的前体和这些过程中的变化所造成的不同程度的酒精使用整个青春期。拟议的5年前瞻性纵向功能磁共振成像研究旨在确定神经发育倾向的功能神经解剖学基础，以启动和升级酒精使用，并绘制神经认知变化的渐进性，作为青春期不同程度的酒精使用的结果。这项研究也将有效地将酒精使用的潜在剂量依赖性神经发育后果与前驱条件隔离开来。酒精和毒品-“不将对11- 13岁的青少年进行预筛选，以预测酒精问题的特征，以确保足够数量的青少年（最终n=154）在研究过程中表现出饮酒的开始和不同程度的饮酒升级。将进行三次为期16个月的数据收集。发育缺陷和延迟的神经认知标志物（例如，注意力不集中、冒险决策、情绪失调）与酒精、烟草和其他药物使用有关，因此为纵向调查酒精使用的启动和升级及其潜在影响中的神经认知脆弱性因素奠定了基础（例如，Brown & Tapert，2004; Fishbein等人，2005 a，B; Giancola等人，1996; Sher等人，1997; Tarter等人，2004; Zeigler等人，2005年）。在所有分析中，将对同时使用烟草和其他药物、SES、IQ、父母酒精和药物滥用以及其他相关协变量（如攻击性、酒精预期、关于酒精的规范信念、社会支持和偏差）进行调整。总的来说，这项拟议的研究对理解适应不良社会行为发展的潜在机制具有意义，这些社会行为增加了酒精引发和升级的风险，并提出了加强这些功能的干预措施的具体策略，从而改变了高危青少年的发展轨迹。