Advancing Transdisciplinary Translation for Prevention of High-Risk Behaviors

描述(由申请人提供)：为预防高危行为而推进跨学科翻译的科学会议最近在社会科学(地理空间制图、背景行为科学、发展心理学、教育、社交媒体)和基础科学(遗传流行病学、表观遗传学、神经科学、化学)的前沿领域的几位具有交叉和前瞻性思维的研究人员在确定影响高危行为出现的因素方面取得了显著进展。这一信息对预防高危行为具有潜在的重要意义，因为病因学、社会和神经生物学风险因素也可能作为干预结果的调节和/或中介发挥作用。然而，缺乏将这些知识从基础科学转移到预防科学，并将其应用于预防科学。这一转移对于了解个体对预防高危行为的干预措施的反应的差异以及针对个人的风险因素制定新的干预措施尤为必要。我们建议使用R13机制举行两次圆桌会议，召集60名相关专家和顾问组成的核心小组，通过确定风险行为预防研究中的紧迫科学问题，以及解决这些问题所需的合作和能力，在翻译范围内“连接点”。这些会议旨在促进跨学科翻译研究计划的相关性、操作可行性和实用性，以更好地了解干预反应的个体差异背后的机制。会议将促进理论观点和经验方法的跨学科整合，以：a)确定预防科学中尚未解决的高度优先的科学问题，这些问题可能受到新一代研究的启发，这些研究表明，神经发生机制与环境条件相关并相互作用，以促进或干扰对干预措施的行为变化；b)设想纳入跨学科科学发现的新的心理社会和技术预防干预方法和政策制定；c)讨论职业早期研究人员进入转化性预防的教育议程；D)确定新合作的潜力，以促进预防研究转化网络的发展；e)对与会者在会议前后关于团队科学、对转化能力的需求和市场分析的看法进行调查；f)解决因纳入行为问题风险的遗传和神经生物学标记而产生的伦理问题；g)出版会议记录的开放获取专著；h)出版由一部分与会者撰写的两个特别期刊版本，他们将使用最先进的统计技术重新分析其临床试验数据集，以阐明其干预措施的机械影响，并报告在会议期间形成的新协作的进展和初步结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Scientific Meetings to Advance Transdisciplinary Translation for Prevention of High-Risk Behaviors Several cross-cutting, forward-thinking investigators on the leading edge of both the social (geospatial mapping, contextual behavioral science, developmental psychology, education, social media) and basic sciences (genetic epidemiology, epigenetics, neuroscience, chemistry) have recently made notable advances in identifying factors that influence emergence of high-risk behaviors. This information has potentially significant implications for the prevention of high-risk behaviors, given that etiological social and neurobiological risk factors may also operate as moderators and/or mediators of intervention outcomes. Transfer and application of this knowledge from the basic to the prevention sciences and back again is, however, lacking. This transfer is particularly needed to understand differences in individual response to interventions to prevent high-risk behaviors and develop new interventions tailored for an individual's risk factors. We propose to use the R13 mechanism to hold two round-table meetings that convene a core of 60 relevant experts and advisors to "connect the dots" across the translational spectrum by identifying pressing scientific questions in risk behavior prevention research, as well as the collaborations and capabilities needed to address them. These meetings are designed to facilitate the relevance, operational feasibility, and utility of a transdisciplinary translational program of research to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying individual differences in intervention responsivity. Meetings will promote a cross-disciplinary integration of theoretical perspectives and empirical methods to: a) identify high priority scientific questions yet to be addressed in the prevention sciences that may be informed by a new generation of research suggesting that neurogenetic mechanisms correlate and interact with environmental conditions to promote or interfere with behavioral change in response to interventions; b) conceive of novel psychosocial and technological preventive intervention approaches and policy developments that incorporate transdisciplinary scientific findings, c) discuss an educational agenda for early career researchers to move into translational prevention; d) identify potentialities for new collaborations that will facilitate the advancement of a Translational Network for prevention research, e) conduct a survey of participants for their perceptions before and after the conferences regarding team science, needs for translational competencies, and market analysis; f) address ethical issues arising from inclusion of genetic and neurobiological markers of risk for behavioral problems, g) publish an open-access monograph of the proceedings; h) publish two special journal editions authored by a subset of attendees who will reanalyze their clinical trials datasets using state-of-the-art statistical techniques to elucidate mechanistic effects of their interventions, and report progress and preliminary findings from new collaborations forged during the meetings.