Advancing Transdisciplinary Translation for Prevention of High-Risk Behaviors

描述（申请人提供）：科学会议，以推进跨学科翻译，以预防高风险行为几个跨领域的，前瞻性的研究人员在前沿的社会，（地理空间测绘、情境行为科学、发展心理学、教育、社交媒体）和基础科学（遗传流行病学、表观遗传学、神经科学、化学）最近在确定影响高危行为出现的因素方面取得了显著进展。这些信息对预防高危行为具有潜在的重要意义，因为病因学社会和神经生物学风险因素也可能作为干预结果的调节剂和/或介导剂。然而，缺乏从基础科学到预防科学以及从预防科学到基础科学的知识转移和应用。这种转移是特别需要了解个体对干预措施的反应差异，以防止高风险行为，并制定针对个人风险因素的新干预措施。我们建议使用R13机制举行两次圆桌会议，召集60名相关专家和顾问的核心，通过确定风险行为预防研究中紧迫的科学问题，以及解决这些问题所需的合作和能力，在翻译范围内“连接点”。这些会议的目的是促进相关性，操作的可行性，和跨学科的研究转化计划的效用，以获得更好地了解干预反应的个体差异的机制。会议将促进理论观点和经验方法的跨学科整合，以：a）确定预防科学中尚待解决的高度优先科学问题，这些问题可能由新一代研究提供信息，这些研究表明神经遗传机制与环境条件相关并相互作用，以促进或干扰对干预措施作出反应的行为变化; B）构思新的心理和技术预防干预方法和政策发展，纳入跨学科的科学发现，c）讨论早期职业研究人员的教育议程，以进入转化预防;（d）确定新合作的潜力，以促进预防研究转化网络的发展，e）在会议前后对与会者进行关于团队科学、翻译能力需求和市场分析的看法调查; f）解决因纳入行为问题风险的遗传和神经生物学标志物而产生的伦理问题，g）出版一本开放获取的会议论文专著; h）出版两个由一部分与会者撰写的特别期刊版本，这些与会者将使用最先进的统计技术重新分析他们的临床试验数据集，以阐明他们干预措施的机制效应，并报告会议期间建立的新合作的进展和初步结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Scientific Meetings to Advance Transdisciplinary Translation for Prevention of High-Risk Behaviors Several cross-cutting, forward-thinking investigators on the leading edge of both the social (geospatial mapping, contextual behavioral science, developmental psychology, education, social media) and basic sciences (genetic epidemiology, epigenetics, neuroscience, chemistry) have recently made notable advances in identifying factors that influence emergence of high-risk behaviors. This information has potentially significant implications for the prevention of high-risk behaviors, given that etiological social and neurobiological risk factors may also operate as moderators and/or mediators of intervention outcomes. Transfer and application of this knowledge from the basic to the prevention sciences and back again is, however, lacking. This transfer is particularly needed to understand differences in individual response to interventions to prevent high-risk behaviors and develop new interventions tailored for an individual's risk factors. We propose to use the R13 mechanism to hold two round-table meetings that convene a core of 60 relevant experts and advisors to "connect the dots" across the translational spectrum by identifying pressing scientific questions in risk behavior prevention research, as well as the collaborations and capabilities needed to address them. These meetings are designed to facilitate the relevance, operational feasibility, and utility of a transdisciplinary translational program of research to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying individual differences in intervention responsivity. Meetings will promote a cross-disciplinary integration of theoretical perspectives and empirical methods to: a) identify high priority scientific questions yet to be addressed in the prevention sciences that may be informed by a new generation of research suggesting that neurogenetic mechanisms correlate and interact with environmental conditions to promote or interfere with behavioral change in response to interventions; b) conceive of novel psychosocial and technological preventive intervention approaches and policy developments that incorporate transdisciplinary scientific findings, c) discuss an educational agenda for early career researchers to move into translational prevention; d) identify potentialities for new collaborations that will facilitate the advancement of a Translational Network for prevention research, e) conduct a survey of participants for their perceptions before and after the conferences regarding team science, needs for translational competencies, and market analysis; f) address ethical issues arising from inclusion of genetic and neurobiological markers of risk for behavioral problems, g) publish an open-access monograph of the proceedings; h) publish two special journal editions authored by a subset of attendees who will reanalyze their clinical trials datasets using state-of-the-art statistical techniques to elucidate mechanistic effects of their interventions, and report progress and preliminary findings from new collaborations forged during the meetings.