Regulation of Olfactory Cortex Odor Responses by Somatostatin Interneurons

生长抑素中间神经元对嗅皮层气味反应的调节

• 批准号: 8672202
• 负责人: JAMES F STURGILL
• 金额: $ 5.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8672202
• 关键词: Address; Animals; Anterior; Association Learning; Biological Models; Biological Process; Brain; Brain region; Breathing; Cells; Code; D Cells; Dendrites; Emotional; Emotions; Epilepsy; Esthesia; Excitatory Synapse; Genes; Goals; Home environment; Human; Inhibitory Synapse; Interneurons; Knowledge; Learning; Light; Link; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mus; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Opsin; Output; Pathway interactions; Perception; Play; Process; Property; Proteins; Pyramidal Cells; Regulation; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Smell Perception; Somatostatin; Synapses; System; Techniques; Viral; experience; extracellular; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; improved; in vivo; inhibitory neuron; learned behavior; olfactory bulb; optogenetics; piriform cortex; public health relevance; research study; response; synaptic inhibition; voltage clamp

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We all have experienced how odors conjure strong emotional responses and memory associations, perhaps when encountering the familiar odor of a home after a long absence. In other animals, the links between odor, emotion and learning are stronger still. Therefore, the olfactory system is relevant to human experiences and as a model system to study the links between biological processes such as sensation, behavior, learning and emotion. Neuronal circuits within primary olfactory cortex are believed to mediate olfactory perception, learning and association. Yet important details of how different classes of neurons interact to form these circuits are at present poorly understood. We propose to study the function, in vivo, of a major group of inhibitory neurons that express the marker gene somatostatin (SOM), in order to better understand how the neuronal activity of olfactory cortex is regulated. To accomplish this we will virally introduce opsin proteins into olfactory cortex that enable the activity of SOM cells to be manipulated with light. By combining these manipulations with in vivo recording techniques we will determine the impact of SOM cells on neuronal activity and odor responses of olfactory cortex. Ultimately, these studies will improve our knowledge of how inhibition regulates those cortical neurons responsible for encoding odors and mediating odor learning.

描述(申请人提供)：我们都经历过气味如何召唤强烈的情感反应和记忆联系，也许是在长时间离开后遇到熟悉的气味时。在其他动物中，气味、情绪和学习之间的联系更加紧密。因此，嗅觉系统与人类的经验相关，并作为研究感觉、行为、学习和情绪等生物过程之间联系的模型系统。初级嗅觉皮质内的神经元回路被认为是调节嗅觉、学习和联想的媒介。然而，关于不同类别的神经元如何相互作用形成这些电路的重要细节目前还知之甚少。我们建议在体内研究一组主要的抑制神经元表达标记基因生长抑素(SOM)的功能，以更好地了解嗅皮层神经元活动是如何调节的。为了做到这一点，我们将通过病毒将视蛋白引入嗅皮层，使SOM细胞的活动能够用光来操纵。通过将这些操作与活体记录技术相结合，我们将确定SOM细胞对嗅皮层神经元活动和气味反应的影响。最终，这些研究将提高我们对抑制如何调节负责编码气味和调节气味学习的皮质神经元的了解。