Biomechanical Mechanisms of Phonation

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管我们对发声过程的理解总体上取得了重大进展，但声乐系统的个体几何和物质特性的变化如何影响声带振动和声音产生仍然不清楚。我们目前对发声的理解很大程度上是基于从集中质量或其他简化的发声模型中获得的结果。这些模型成功地识别了发音的关键要素和特征。然而，这些模型的核心参数往往不能直接测量或容易与声带的解剖结构或材料特性相关。由于模型参数与实际的、可直接测量的声带特性之间缺乏对应关系，因此将模型衍生的发现直接转化为临床应用一直存在问题。因此，语言病理学家和外科医生往往必须严重依赖经验和他们对振动模式的主观印象来诊断和治疗声音障碍。本研究的长期目标是在声带的基本几何和材料特性与由此产生的声带振动、声学和语音质量之间建立直接联系。需要解决的两个主要问题是：1)由于病理或外科手术，声带几何和材料特性的变化如何影响声带振动和声音质量？2)声带振动的哪些特征与声带的几何和材料特性有物理上的关系，从而对声音障碍的诊断和最终治疗有用？在五年的时间里，我们建议通过解决以下三个具体目标来回答这两个主要问题：1)确定声带几何和材料特性对产生的声带振动、声学和语音质量的影响；2)量化声带几何和材料特性的左右不对称对声带振动、声学和语音质量的影响；3)确定声带特性的局部变化对产生的声带振动、声学和音质的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite significant advancement in our understanding of the phonation process in general, it still remains unclear how changes in individual geometrical and material properties of the vocal system affect vocal fold vibration and voice production. Our current understanding of phonation is largely based on results obtained from lumped-mass or other simplified phonatory models. These models have successfully identified key elements and features of phonation. However, parameters that are central to these models often cannot be directly measured or easily related to the anatomical structure or material properties of the vocal folds. Due to this lack of correspondence between model parameters and realistic, directly measurable properties of the vocal folds, direct translation of model-derived findings to clinical applications has been problematic. As a result, speech-language pathologists and surgeons often must rely heavily on experience and their subjective impressions of vibratory pattern to diagnose and treat voice disorders. The long-term goal of the proposed research is to establish a direct link between the underlying geometrical and material properties of the vocal folds and the resulting vocal fold vibration, acoustics, and voice quality. The two main questions to be addressed are: 1) How do changes in the geometrical and material properties of the vocal folds, due to either pathologies or surgical procedures, affect vocal fold vibration and voice quality? and 2) What features of the vocal fold vibration are physically related to the geometrical and material properties of the vocal folds and therefore useful for diagnosis of voice disorders and their ultimate management? Over a five-year period, we propose to answer these two main questions by addressing the following three Specific Aims: 1) Determine the influence of vocal fold geometrical and material properties on the resulting vocal fold vibration, acoustics, and voice quality; 2) Quantify the influence of left-right asymmetries in vocal fold geometrical and material properties on the resulting vocal fold vibration, acoustics, and voice quality; 3) Determine the influence of localized changes in vocal fold properties on the resulting vocal fold vibration, acoustics, and voice quality.