Enabling Metabolic Imaging Using Feedback Driven Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

使用反馈驱动磁共振波谱实现代谢成像

• 批准号: 8832709
• 负责人: Neal F Kalechofsky
• 金额: $ 21.33万
• 依托单位: MILLIKELVIN TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-25 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8832709
• 关键词: Address; Animals; Back; Biological; Biological Markers; Cancerous; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Clinic; Clinical; Complement; Cyclotrons; Deoxyglucose; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Neoplasm Staging; Disease; Dose; Equilibrium; Feedback; Fluorine; Glucose; Glycolysis; Goals; Health; Hour; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; Isotopes; Length; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetism; Malignant Neoplasms; Metabolic; Methods; Molecular; Monitor; Noise; Non-Invasive Cancer Detection; Nuclear; Patients; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiation; Radioactive; Radioactivity; Recycling; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Source; Staging; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Translating; Tumor stage; Warburg Effect; Work; Yeasts; base; clinical application; cost; feeding; glucose metabolism; improved; in vivo; interest; magnetic field; prototype; public health relevance; research study; tomography; tool; tumor; uptake; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Elevated levels of glycolysis are known to correlate with the presence and disease stage of various cancers. This phenomenon, known as the Warburg effect, provides the biological basis of Fluoro-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET) studies. FDG is taken up by the cell in a manner similar to glucose but then remains trapped in the cell for times exceeding an hour. If the 19F atom in the FDG molecule has been irradiated to 18F it can then detected and spatially located using the tomography device. Radioactive 18FDG PET has been shown to be able to spatially locate tumors on length scales down to approximately 8 mm in clinically available devices and has been widely used in the detection and staging of tumors for more than 30 years. However, it imposes a non-trivial radioactive burden on the patient; for this reason, 18FDG FDG PET scans for humans are typically limited to not more than once per 12 months per patient and only after a tissue diagnosis has already been made. The need to manufacture radioactive FDG in a cyclotron, as well as provide for safe handling/disposal of radioactive materials adds greatly to its intrinsic costs. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging (MRSI) techniques have been also used to detect and locate 19FDG in in vivo research experiments. This approach does not require the FDG be made radioactive; however, because of the much lower signal in an MRSI study this approach has not translated to the clinic. MKT is developing a method of improving the signal to noise per unit time in an MRSI study. The MKT technique leverages the well-known phenomenon of "super-radiance" (SR), also known as radiation damping, to rapidly restore magnetic equilibrium following an MRSI pulse sequence. This allows imaging sequences to be rapidly repeated so that the average signal over time can be increased. The MKT approach is to produce SR conditions in a standard clinical MR imaging device using a feedback enabled circuit (FEC) and a volume situated within the resonant coil containing a quantity of the target molecule, known as a Supplementary Spin Reservoir (SSR), to create SR conditions for a molecule of interest such as FDG. By increasing the signal averaging rate we improve detection of a target molecule and make it possible to use MRSI to enhance detection of fluorinated molecules such as FDG.

描述（由申请人提供）：已知糖酵解水平升高与各种癌症的存在和疾病阶段相关。这种现象被称为瓦尔堡效应，为氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描（FDG PET）研究提供了生物学基础。FDG以类似于葡萄糖的方式被细胞吸收，但随后仍被困在细胞中超过一小时。如果FDG分子中的19 F原子已经被照射到18 F，则可以使用断层摄影装置检测并空间定位。放射性18FDG PET已被证明能够在临床可用设备中以低至约8 mm的长度尺度对肿瘤进行空间定位，并且已被广泛用于肿瘤的检测和分期超过30年。然而，它给患者带来了不小的放射性负担;因此，人体18FDG PET扫描通常限于每位患者每12个月不超过一次，并且仅在组织诊断已经完成后进行。在回旋加速器中制造放射性FDG以及提供放射性材料的安全处理/处置的需要大大增加了其固有成本。磁共振光谱成像（MRSI）技术也已被用于检测和定位19 FDG在体内研究实验。这种方法不需要使FDG具有放射性;然而，由于MRSI研究中的低得多的信号，这种方法尚未转化为临床。MKT正在开发一种在MRSI研究中提高单位时间信噪比的方法。MKT技术利用众所周知的“超辐射”（SR）现象，也称为辐射阻尼，在MRSI脉冲序列之后快速恢复磁平衡。这允许快速重复成像序列，使得可以增加随时间的平均信号。MKT方法是在标准临床MR成像设备中使用反馈使能电路（FEC）和位于谐振线圈内的包含一定量的靶分子的体积（称为补充自旋库（SSR））来产生SR条件，以创建用于诸如FDG的感兴趣分子的SR条件。通过增加信号平均速率，我们改进了目标分子的检测，并且使得可以使用MRSI来增强氟化分子（诸如FDG）的检测。