Exploiting an artificial APC to induce different T cell subsets

利用人工 APC 诱导不同的 T 细胞亚群

• 批准号: 8893693
• 负责人: Yuri Sykulev
• 金额: $ 26.05万
• 依托单位: THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8893693
• 关键词: Adhesions; Adoptive Transfer; Affect; Agonist; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Antigens; Apolipoproteins; Artificial Membranes; Binding; Biological; C-terminal; CD8B1 gene; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Cycle Kinetics; Cell Surface Proteins; Cell Surface Receptors; Cell surface; Cells; Clinical; Complex; Data; Discrimination; Engineering; Exercise; Glass; Goals; His-His-His-His-His-His; Human; Immunity; Immunologic Receptors; Immunotherapy; In Vitro; Infection; Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; Life; Ligands; Lipid Bilayers; Lipids; Major Histocompatibility Complex; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Membrane; Membrane Fluidity; Membrane Proteins; Memory; Modeling; Molecular; Nanostructures; Nickel; Peptide/MHC Complex; Peptides; Physiological; Proteins; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Source; Specificity; Speed; Stem cells; Surface; Surface Antigens; System; T cell response; T cell therapy; T memory cell; T-Cell Activation; T-Lymphocyte; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Testing; Transgenic Mice; Variant; Viral Cancer; Virus; base; biophysical properties; density; fighting; his6 tag; improved; interest; mathematical model; membrane model; nanodevice; nanodisk; novel; particle; pathogen; programs; public health relevance; receptor; receptor density; receptor-mediated signaling; response; self-renewal; success; therapeutic development; tool

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The human T cell compartment contains distinct T cell subsets that are very different in their capacity to persist and to respond after ex vivo expansion and adoptive transfer. T cell programming into distinct T cell subsets depends in a large extent on the quality and quantity of the signal delivered to T cells by professional antigen presenting cells (APC). This has stimulated efforts to develop artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC) that allow for optimal control over the signals provided to T cells. To more closely mimic natural systems, lipid bilayer surfaces have been used as aAPCs, thereby demonstrating a significant effect of membrane fluidity on T cell activation. However, this and other membrane mimics, which have been exploited thus far, cannot be used to organize membrane proteins into microdomains, within which cell surface receptors are clustered. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins that present antigenic peptides on the surface of antigen- presenting cells (APC) form clusters with each other and with other cell surface proteins. The changes in MHC clustering and co-clustering could serve as a sensitive mechanism to modulate T cell responsiveness. The goal of the application is to develop the model membrane systems that can recapitulate clustering of immune receptors in a controlled manner. We propose to utilize biodegradable nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs) as a universal platform to mimic molecular membrane clustering. NLPs are self-assembled in solution to form discoidal nanostructures containing lipid bilayers stabilized at the perimeter by apolipoprotein molecules. The size of the NLP ranges from 8 to 30 nm that allow capturing up to 50 molecules of soluble ligands and enable us to achieve model cluster size and density close to physiological. We will use the NLPs to assemble pMHC and other membrane ligands into model membrane patches. We will study how changes in the ligands density and composition of these patches affect binding of the model membrane patches to live T cells and the kinetics and magnitude of TCR-mediated signaling. This will provide a basis for the engineering of aAPC bearing the model membrane patches incorporated into lipid bilayers covering the surface of glass beads. Such aAPCs will allow us to calibrate the strength of T cell stimulation. We will utilize these novel aAPCs to vary the strength of stimulation of naïve CD8+ T cells derived from OT-1 TCR transgenic mice in order to induce different subsets of activated T cells with the same specificity. Building of aAPCs is expected to enable us to expand T cells with instructional programs that allow T cells to persist, function, and migrate in a desired fashion after adoptive transfer. The experimental data will also provide the basis for building a mathematical model to characterize how clustering of ligands on an APC surface determines speed, sensitivity and discrimination of the pMHC I ligand by activated and naïve CD8 T cells.

 描述（由适用提供）：人类T细胞室包含不同的T细胞子集，它们的持久能力和反应膨胀和自适应转移后有很大不同。 T细胞编程成不同的T细胞子集在很大程度上取决于专业抗原传递给T细胞的信号的质量和数量 呈现细胞（APC）。这刺激了开发人造抗原呈递细胞（AAPC）的努力，该细胞（AAPC）允许对提供给T细胞的信号的最佳控制。对于更紧密的模拟天然系统，脂质双层表面已被用作AAPC，从而证明了膜流动性对T细胞活化的显着影响。然而，到目前为止被利用的这种膜模拟物不能用于将膜蛋白组织到微区域中，其中细胞表面受体聚集在其中。在抗原呈递细胞表面呈现抗原辣椒（APC）的主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）蛋白质彼此以及其他细胞表面蛋白质形成簇。 MHC聚类和共聚类的变化可以作为调节T细胞反应性的敏感机制。应用程序的目的是开发模型膜系统，该系统可以以受控的方式概括免疫受体的聚类。我们建议利用可生物降解的纳米脂蛋白颗粒（NLP）作为模仿分子膜聚类的通用平台。将NLP自组装在溶液中，以形成含有载脂蛋白分子在周长稳定的脂质双层的盘状纳米结构。 NLP的尺寸范围为8到30 nm，可捕获多达50个固体配体分子，并使我们能够实现模型簇的大小和密度接近物理。我们将使用NLP将PMHC和其他膜配体组装成模型膜贴片。我们将研究这些斑块的配体密度和组成的变化如何影响模型膜斑块与活T细胞的结合以及TCR介导的信号传导的动力学和大小。这将为AAPC的工程提供基础，该AAPC轴承模型膜斑块掺入覆盖玻璃珠表面的脂质双层中。这样的AAPC将使我们能够校准T细胞刺激的强度。我们将利用这些新颖的AAPC来改变 刺激源自OT-1 TCR转基因小鼠的幼稚CD8+ T细胞的强度，以诱导具有相同特异性的活化T细胞的不同亚群。建造AAPC 有望使我们能够通过教学程序扩展T细胞，使T细胞在自适应转移后以期望的方式持续，功能和迁移。实验数据还将为构建数学模型的基础提供基础，以表征APC表面上配体的聚类如何通过激活和幼稚的CD8 T细胞来决定PMHC I配体的速度，灵敏度和歧视。