Deconstructing Inflammation and Altered Microbiota in Metabolic Syndrome

解构代谢综合征中的炎症和改变的微生物群

• 批准号: 8842835
• 负责人: Andrew T Gewirtz
• 金额: $ 1.87万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8842835
• 关键词: Antibiotics; Automobile Driving; Bacteria; Bacterial Genes; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cells; Chronic; Communities; Complex; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Epidemic; Fatty Liver; Flagellin; Future; Gene Expression; Germ-Free; Goals; Harvest; Health; Healthcare Systems; Human; Humanities; Hyperglycemia; Hyperlipidemia; Immune; Incidence; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Inflammatory disease of the intestine; Insulin Resistance; Intestines; Knowledge; Liver Dysfunction; Maintenance; Mastigophora; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Modeling; Molecular Mimicry; Mus; Natural Immunity; Obesity; Outcome; Persons; Play; Production; Proteins; Proteobacteria; Public Health; Relative (related person); Reporter; Risk; Role; Signal Transduction; System; Toll-Like Receptor 5; Transplantation; Work; disease phenotype; germ free isolator; gut microbiota; in vivo; mouse model; prevent; receptor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The intestinal tract is inhabited by a large diverse community of bacteria collectively referred to as the gut microbiota. Alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with a variety of disease states including obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Antibiotics alter host metabolism and transplant of microbiota from diseased persons (or mice) to germfree mice transfers some aspects of disease phenotype, suggesting that altered microbiota may play a role in disease manifestation. There are myriad potential mechanisms by which alterations in gut microbiota might promote disease including increasing energy harvest, production of toxic metabolites, and molecular mimicry of host proteins. Our study of mice with a discrete innate immune deficiency, namely loss of the flagellin receptor toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), led us to hypothesize that an overarching mechanism by which an aberrant microbiota negatively impacts health is by driving chronic inflammation. More specifically, we hypothesize that the histopathologically-evident gut inflammation that defines IBD is a severe but relatively rare outcome of an altered host-microbiota relationship while a much more common consequence of such disturbances is "low-grade" inflammation, characterized by elevated proinflammatory gene expression that associates with, and may promote, metabolic syndrome. However, the extent to which altered microbiota are a cause and/or consequence of inflammation, and the mechanisms that mediate this interrelationship remains ill defined. Thus, the overall goal of this proposal is to decipher he interrelationship between microbiota composition, inflammatory signaling, and metabolic syndrome. We utilize WT and TLR5-deficient (T5KO) mice as a highly tractable model in which we can both control and measure microbiota composition and pro-inflammatory signaling. Specifically, we will: 1) Define the role of inflammasome activation in the low-grade inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and gut microbiota alterations in T5KO mice. 2) Determine how loss of TLR5 influences the pro-inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota. 3) Investigate the minimal requirements for T5KO metabolic syndrome. That TLR5- deficient humans may be prone to metabolic syndrome supports the relevance of these mechanistic studies. However, the broader importance of this work is that it will advance understanding of the normal means by which a stable microbiota is maintained and elucidate how alterations in microbiota, irrespective of underlying cause, can promote low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome.

描述（由申请人提供）：肠道中居住着大量不同的细菌群落，统称为肠道微生物群。肠道菌群的改变