The Social Ecology of Sleep Environments among Non-Hispanic Black Infants

非西班牙裔黑人婴儿睡眠环境的社会生态学

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8994370
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 41.85万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2015-07-28 至 2018-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this R15 proposal is to (1) use photo-elicitation interviewing as a form of participatory research in low-income urban communities to explore the lived experience of parenting and contextualize infant care practices among three non-Hispanic Black subgroups (African Americans, Afro-Caribbean immigrants, and African immigrants), and (2) quantitatively identify socio-cultural and environmental influences on sleep-related infant care practices in these communities using audio computer-assisted self-interviews (ACASI) to contribute to a social ecological model of infant sleep environments. In the United States (US), extreme disparities in infant mortality persist, with low-income non-Hispanic Black infants evidencing some of the highest rates of mortality. Sleep-related infant injuries are one of the leading causes of infant mortality and are thought to be preventable by altering the infant sleep environment. Most interventions have focused on changing practices thought to place infants at higher risk for these types of deaths (e.g., unsafe sleep surface, bed-sharing, prone sleep positioning, and excess bedding), an approach that has been criticized as overly broad. Little research has been devoted to the overarching context of these practices, including how factors related to poverty affect choices around risks for sleep-related injury. Moreover, despite the wide variation in infant mortality rate among racial and ethnic groups encompassed by the non- Hispanic Black category, little research has examined whether influences on sleep-related infant care practices, as well as the prevalence of the practices themselves, differ by nativity and region of origin. Social ecological theory posits that individuals interact with, and are influenced by, multiple levels of social phenomena, ranging from dyadic interaction, to family (or microsystem), neighborhood and community (mesosystem), state (exosystem) and cultural (macrosystem) dimensions. The research proposed conceptualizes the infant sleep environment as a complex intersection of these domains and employs a social ecological model of infant sleep in which multiple levels of factors, from individual-level beliefs and cultural attitudes, to structural factors related to living conditions, may influence the sleep environment. This study is foundational in that it will establish a base of knowledge upon which culturally appropriate intervention research can be built.
 描述(由申请人提供):本 R15 提案的目的是 (1) 使用照片启发式访谈作为低收入城市社区参与性研究的一种形式,探索三个非西班牙裔黑人亚群体(非裔美国人、非洲裔加勒比移民和非洲移民)的养育生活经验和婴儿护理实践的背景,以及 (2) 定量识别社会文化和 使用音频计算机辅助自我访谈 (ACASI) 来了解环境对这些社区中与睡眠相关的婴儿护理实践的影响,以构建婴儿睡眠环境的社会生态模型。在美国,婴儿死亡率仍然存在巨大差异,低收入非西班牙裔黑人婴儿的死亡率最高。与睡眠有关的婴儿损伤是其中之一 婴儿死亡的主要原因,被认为可以通过改变婴儿睡眠环境来预防。大多数干预措施的重点是改变被认为使婴儿面临此类死亡更高风险的做法(例如不安全的睡眠表面、共用床、俯卧睡眠姿势和过多的床上用品),这种方法被批评过于宽泛。很少有研究致力于这些做法的总体背景,包括与贫困相关的因素如何影响围绕睡眠相关伤害风险的选择。此外,尽管非西班牙裔黑人类别中的种族和族裔群体的婴儿死亡率存在很大差异,但很少有研究探讨对与睡眠相关的婴儿护理实践的影响以及这些实践本身的流行程度是否因出生地和原籍地区而异。社会生态理论认为,个体与多个层面的社会现象相互作用并受其影响,从二元相互作用到家庭(或微系统)、邻里和社区(中系统)、国家(外系统)和文化(宏观系统)维度。该研究将婴儿睡眠环境概念化为这些领域的复杂交叉点,并采用婴儿睡眠的社会生态模型,其中从个人信仰和文化态度到与生活条件相关的结构因素等多个层面的因素都可能影响睡眠环境。 这项研究是基础性的,因为它将建立一个知识基础,在此基础上可以开展适合文化的干预研究。

项目成果

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