The role of physician experience in outcomes of patients with acute respiratory f

医生经验对急性呼吸道疾病患者预后的影响

• 批准号: 8882542
• 负责人: Meeta Prasad Kerlin
• 金额: $ 13.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8882542
• 关键词: Acute; Acute respiratory failure; Adopted; Aptitude; Caring; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cohort Studies; Complex; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Data; Data Set; Databases; Development; Development Plans; Education; Ensure; Evidence based practice; Exposure to; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health Policy; Hospitals; Individual; Intervention; Journals; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Literature; Lung; Master of Science; Measurable; Mechanical ventilation; Medicine; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Patient Care; Patients; Pennsylvania; Physician' s Role; Physicians; Provider; Publications; Relative (related person); Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Role; Science; Solutions; Statistical Models; Structure; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Training; Translating; Translations; Universities; Variant; Work; base; career development; clinical epidemiology; clinical practice; experience; high risk; improved; innovation; insight; interest; knowledge translation; mortality; novel; patient population; respiratory; skills; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Patients with acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation are at high risk for morbidity and mortality. Although several recent advances have improved management of such patients, these therapies have been incompletely adopted and patient outcomes continue to vary across hospitals. One factor that may be associated with improved translation of evidence into practice is the experience of the physician provider. Previous studies indirectly provide evidence for this relationship; for example, higher annual hospital volume is associated with reduced mortality. However, there is little direct evidence, physician "experience" has not been defined, and the capacity of organizational solutions to modify the relationship is unknown. A better understanding of this complex relationship could reveal novel targets for interventions to improve uptake of evidence-based practices of mechanically ventilated patients and ultimately their outcomes. Therefore the overall goal of this proposal is to understand the relationship between physician experience and outcomes for mechanically ventilated patients. Specifically, we will determine (1) if there is an association of physician experience, defined as years since completing of training, with patient outcomes; (2) the relative contributions of physician experience and hospital volume to patient outcomes; and (3) if effects of physician experience are modified by the presence of organizational factors. For this project we will create an innovative database linking multiple publicly available administrative and clinical datasets of patients hospitalized in the state of Pennsylvania with data obtained from a state-wide hospital survey and will use state-of-the-art statistical modeling techniques to advance our understanding of the role of the physician in patient outcomes. This database and career development award will be a foundation for the candidate's future work as an independent clinical researcher with a focus on developing and implementing organizational interventions to improve care of patients with acute respiratory failure. Dr. Meeta Prasad Kerlin has a clinical background in pulmonary and critical care medicine and a Master of Science in Clinical Epidemiology from the University of Pennsylvania. She has demonstrated her interest and aptitude for clinical research through the successful completion of several research projects in the topics of critical care outcomes and education. She has had multiple publications in high-impact journals such as JAMA and Critical Care Medicine. In this proposal, she has developed a career development plan that includes a complementary approach of didactic learning, structured professional development, intensive mentorship, and direct research experience leading the project described above. She has the full support of her department, outstanding mentors who are already the leaders in critical care outcomes research, and access to the vast resources of the University of Pennsylvania. Together, these will ensure her successful development into a leader in her own right.

描述（由申请人提供）：需要机械通气的急性呼吸衰竭患者的发病率和死亡率风险较高。尽管最近的一些进展改善了对此类患者的管理，但这些疗法尚未完全采用，并且患者的结局在医院之间仍然存在差异。一个可能与改进证据转化为实践有关的因素是医生提供者的经验。以前的研究间接地为这种关系提供了证据;例如，较高的年住院量与死亡率降低有关。然而，几乎没有直接的证据，医生的“经验”还没有被定义，组织的解决方案，以修改的关系的能力是未知的。更好地理解这种复杂的关系可以揭示新的干预目标，以改善机械通气患者的循证实践，并最终改善其结局。因此，本提案的总体目标是了解医生经验与机械通气患者结局之间的关系。具体而言，我们将确定（1）医生经验（定义为完成培训后的年数）与患者结局是否存在关联;（2）医生经验和医院容量对患者结局的相对贡献;（3）医生经验的影响是否因组织因素的存在而改变。对于这个项目，我们将创建一个创新的数据库，将宾夕法尼亚州住院患者的多个公开可用的管理和临床数据集与从全州医院调查中获得的数据联系起来，并将使用最先进的统计建模技术来提高我们对医生在患者结局中的作用的理解。该数据库和职业发展奖将成为候选人未来作为独立临床研究人员工作的基础，重点是开发和实施组织干预措施，以改善急性呼吸衰竭患者的护理。Meeta Prasad Kerlin博士拥有肺部和重症监护医学的临床背景，并获得宾夕法尼亚大学临床流行病学硕士学位。她通过成功完成重症监护结果和教育主题的几个研究项目，展示了她对临床研究的兴趣和能力。她在JAMA和Critical Care Medicine等高影响力期刊上发表过多篇文章。在这份提案中，她制定了一个职业发展计划，其中包括教学学习的补充方法，结构化的专业发展，密集的导师，以及领导上述项目的直接研究经验。她有她的部门的全力支持，谁已经在重症监护成果研究的领导者优秀的导师，并获得宾夕法尼亚大学的大量资源。这些都将确保她成功地发展成为自己的领导者。