A Qualitative Study of Cannabis Edibles

大麻食用品的定性研究

• 批准号: 8963275
• 负责人: Sheigla Brighid Murphy
• 金额: $ 46.59万
• 依托单位: SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8963275
• 关键词: 18 year old; Abate; Accounting; Address; Adult; Adverse reactions; Affect; Area; Attitude; Belief; Cannabis; Communities; Crack Cocaine; Criminal Justice; Drug Prescriptions; Drug user; Early Diagnosis; Emergency department visit; Esthesia; Exclusion Criteria; Exogenous Factors; Hallucinations; Hallucinogens; Health; Heart; Heroin; Hour; Ingestion; Intervention; Interview; Intoxication; Learning; Length; Medical; Methamphetamine; Motivation; Outcome; Overdose; Palpitations; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Population; Powder dose form; Product Labeling; Public Health; Qualitative Research; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Sampling; San Francisco; Seasons; Site; Smoking; Sorting - Cell Movement; Sweat; Sweating; Testing; Time; Woman; alcohol abuse therapy; behavioral health; club drug; design; dosage; dysphoria; expectation; experience; ideation; inclusion criteria; marijuana use; marijuana user; men; metropolitan; parent project; public health relevance; research study; social

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the course of conducting the parent project, "Times are Changing: A Qualitative Study of Older Marijuana Users (R01DA033814)," we learned that edible cannabis use has emerged as a mode of ingestion with its own set of challenges for users and their communities. As edible cannabis becomes more popular and available, it is important that we ascertain users' motivations for experimentation and continuation of edible use. Our preliminary findings indicate that many Baby Boomers sought out edible cannabis as a healthier alternative to smoking and discovered a qualitatively different intoxication experience. Users' accounts indicate that one of their main challenges was the potential for overdose. Overdose experiences range from very unpleasant sensations that abate over several hours to heart palpitations, excessive sweating, extreme dysphoria, paranoid ideation, hallucinations and trips to the ER. In fact, early detection and surveillance mechanisms indicate an increase in cannabis edible-related ER visits (SAMSHA, 2013). The overarching aim of this proposed 36-month qualitative project is to conduct in-depth interviews with 120 adult (60 women and 60 men) who use edible cannabis in order to address the question: What are the beliefs, practices, and health and social consequences of edible cannabis use? To be included in the sample, participants must self-identify as a current edible cannabis user, and they must have used edible cannabis a minimum of 5 times in a 12 month period. At no point will they have been in treatment for heroin, powder or crack cocaine, methamphetamine, other club drugs, psychedelics or prescription drugs. We will include those who have been in treatment for their cannabis use. We will exclude potential participants who self-report problems with or treatment for alcohol in the year prior to interview. These inclusion and exclusion criteria are designed to focus our study on primary cannabis users in order to examine their edible cannabis use specifically and to discover their use trajectories and their behavioral, health, and social outcomes. San Francisco is an ideal site for this qualitative study because it has a higher percentage of people who are regular drug users (13.0% vs. national average of 8.1%) than any other major metropolitan area in the US. As edible cannabis use becomes more socially acceptable, the potential for adverse reactions increases among both novice and seasoned users. As medical and recreational users begin to experiment with edible cannabis, problems with proper dosage, problems with the length of time to onset of intoxication and other negative health consequences may be exacerbated. New health-related complications specific to cannabis edible use may also emerge. This qualitative research project will provide much needed empirical information about edible cannabis users' unique experiences in order to design more appropriate and effective public health warnings and interventions targeted specifically to the growing population of edible cannabis users.

 描述（由申请人提供）：在开展父项目“时代在变化：老年大麻使用者的定性研究（R01DA033814）”过程中，我们了解到食用大麻的使用已经成为一种摄入方式，给使用者及其社区带来了一系列挑战。随着食用大麻变得越来越流行和可用，我们确定用户尝试和继续食用大麻的动机非常重要。我们的初步研究结果表明，许多婴儿潮一代寻求食用大麻作为吸烟的更健康替代品，并发现了一种截然不同的中毒体验。用户的账户表明，他们面临的主要挑战之一是服用过量的可能性。服药过量的经历包括非常不愉快的感觉（数小时后会减弱）、心悸、出汗过多、极度烦躁、偏执观念、幻觉和去急诊室。事实上，早期发现和监测机制表明，与大麻食用相关的急诊就诊人数有所增加（SAMSHA，2013 年）。这个拟议的 36 个月定性项目的总体目标是对 120 名使用食用大麻的成年人（60 名女性和 60 名男性）进行深入访谈，以解决以下问题：使用食用大麻的信仰、做法以及健康和社会后果是什么？要纳入样本，参与者必须自我认定为当前食用大麻使用者，并且他们必须在 12 个月内至少使用食用大麻 5 次。他们从未接受过海洛因、粉末或强效可卡因、甲基苯丙胺、其他俱乐部毒品、致幻剂或处方药的治疗。我们将包括那些因吸食大麻而接受治疗的人。我们将排除在访谈前一年自我报告酒精问题或治疗的潜在参与者。这些纳入和排除标准旨在将我们的研究重点放在主要大麻使用者身上，以便专门检查他们的食用大麻使用情况，并发现他们的使用轨迹及其行为、健康和社会结果。旧金山是这项定性研究的理想地点，因为它的经常吸毒者比例（13.0%，全国平均水平为 8.1%）高于美国任何其他主要大都市区。随着食用大麻的使用变得越来越被社会接受，新手和经验丰富的使用者发生不良反应的可能性都会增加。随着医疗和娱乐使用者开始尝试食用大麻，适当剂量的问题、中毒时间长短的问题以及其他负面健康后果可能会加剧。还可能出现与大麻食用相关的新的健康相关并发症。该定性研究项目将提供急需的有关食用大麻使用者独特经历的经验信息，以便专门针对不断增长的食用大麻使用者群体设计更适当和有效的公共卫生警告和干预措施。